Antimicrobial resistance genes and associated mobile genetic elements in Escherichia coli from human, animal and environment.

The global rise of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) poses a significant threat to human health. The environment plays an essential role in transmission of antimicrobial resistance genes (ARGs) between human and animal. Bacterial communities harbour diverse ARGs, carried by mobile genetic elements (MGEs) like plasmids and insertion sequences (ISs).

Chronic heat stress upregulates pyruvate metabolic process and gluconeogenesis but downregulates immune responses in Sahiwal cattle.

Climate change and growing population and their strain on animal production are the impending challenges that the developing countries, like India, need to tackle in the coming days. This study aimed to detect and analyze the uncharacterized variation in the gene expression patterns with the change of condition, from thermoneutral to chronic hot-humid, in the Sahiwal cattle, one of the best breeds of milk-producing cattle in India, known for being heat-tolerant. Using RNA-Seq analysis on peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), 4021 differentially expressed mRNAs (2772 upregulated, 1249 downregulated) and 1303 differentially expressed long non-coding RNAs (769 upregulated, 534 downregulated) were identified, with the thresholds of false discovery rate < 0.

Aquaporin (AQP) gene family in Buffalo and Goat: Molecular characterization and their expression analysis.

Aquaporins (AQPs) are essential membrane proteins facilitating water and small solute transport across cell membranes. Mammals have approximately 13 paralogs of AQPs that may have evolved through gene duplication events. These genes are present in two separate clusters within the genome.

Functional transcriptome analysis revealed major changes in pathways affecting systems biology of Tharparkar cattle under seasonal heat stress.

Unlabelled: Heat stress significantly disturbs the production, reproduction, and systems biology of dairy cattle. A complex interaction among biological systems helps to combat and overcome heat stress. Indicine cattle breed Tharparkar has been well known for its thermal adaptability.

Functional transcriptome analysis revealed upregulation of MAPK-SMAD signalling pathways in chronic heat stress in crossbred cattle.

Animal geneticists and breeders have the impending challenge of enhancing the resilience of Indian livestock to heat stress through better selection strategies. Climate change's impact on livestock is more intense in tropical countries like India where dairy cattle crossbreeds are more sensitive to heat stress. The main reason for this study was to find the missing relative changes in transcript levels in thermo-neutral and heat stress conditions in crossbred cattle through whole-transcriptome analysis of RNA-Seq data.