Publications by authors named "A Lopez-Pineda"
Article Synopsis
- The study addresses the global issue of overuse of medical services, focusing on low-value practices (LVPs) in primary care, which can harm patients and undermine healthcare quality.
- Conducted in Alicante, Spain, the research analyzed digital medical records from nearly a million patients to compare the frequency of LVPs prescribed to males versus females in 2022.
- Findings revealed that females received significantly more LVPs (5.27%) than males (4.00%), with specific practices commonly leading to potential patient harm, highlighting the need for gender-sensitive approaches in clinical training and research.
Objectives: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder with biological, multicausal and polygenic origins. The true prevalence of ASD has not been clearly established. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of ASD in children aged 3 to 14 years in Spain and to analyze the factors associated with it.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFColorectal cancer (CRC) is the leading cause of mortality in Spain, with screening programs, such as the faecal occult blood test and colonoscopy, having shown effectiveness in reducing CRC incidence and mortality. Despite these advancements, CRC screening uptake remains low in Spain, highlighting the need for studies comparing outcomes between screening-diagnosed and symptom-diagnosed patients to better understand the impact on overall survival and to quantify the clinical benefit in prognosis at diagnosis and at the end of follow-up. We conducted a retrospective cohort study with the following objectives: to compare stage at diagnosis, all-cause mortality, and disease-specific mortality among people diagnosed with CRC based on screening and based on symptoms; to identify the risk factors associated with mortality in this population; and to evaluate the effectiveness of screening on survival and early detection.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFCurrent cardiovascular prevention guidelines emphasise considering sex, gender, and gender identity in risk assessment. This study evaluated the impact of lifestyle habits and chronic diseases on cardiovascular mortality risk in women over 50 with high vascular risk and developed a predictive model for menopausal women with cardiovascular risk factors. A retrospective cohort study used data from the 2011 Spanish National Health Survey and the national death register, focusing on menopausal and postmenopausal women without prior cardiovascular events but with at least one major risk factor.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Polygenic risk scores (PRS) derived from European individuals have reduced portability across global populations, limiting their clinical implementation at worldwide scale. Here, we investigate the performance of a wide range of PRS models across four ancestry groups (Africans, Europeans, East Asians, and South Asians) for 14 conditions of high-medical interest.
Methods: To select the best-performing model per trait, we first compared PRS performances for publicly available scores, and constructed new models using different methods (LDpred2, PRS-CSx and SNPnet).