Overview of the Use of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Neovascular Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

The aim of this review is to present and discuss the use of optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD). OCTA is a non-invasive imaging procedure that gives a detailed indirect view of physiological and pathological vessels in the retina and choroid membrane. Compared with dye-based imaging, OCTA provides a segmented presentation of the individual vascular layers and plexuses, thus enabling previously unattainable differentiation and classification of pathological vascular changes within or underneath the retina.

[Age-related macular degeneration - Part 1: Pathophysiology, classification and diagnostic].

Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) continues to be the most common hereditary disease among older people in the western world. In addition to the clinical examination, multimodal imaging with fluorescein angiography, optical coherence tomography, fundus autofluorescence and fundus photography are crucial for the correct diagnosis and classification. This is particularly important with regard to risk assessment for the development of a late form of the disease.

[Lamellar macular holes-In the center of vitreomacular interface diseases : Pathophysiology, spontaneous courses and treatment concepts].

Background: A lamellar macular hole (LMH) is characterized by a distinct morphologic configuration and can be distinguished from related entities such as macular pseudohole (MPH) and epiretinal membrane with foveoschisis (ERM-FS) by clear morphologic features.

Purpose: Based on current knowledge, the pathophysiologic function of LMH in the spectrum of vitreomacular interface diseases will be described and therapeutic concepts will be presented.

Methods: Current studies are supplemented by case reports to provide a schematic overview of the natural history and therapeutic concepts at the vitreomacular interface.