[Residual anophelism in Italy: distribution in 4 southern regions].

About 40 years after malaria eradication from Italy, the potential vectors of this disease, Anopheles labranchiae, Anopheles superpictus and Anopheles sacharovi, are still present in some regions of the South. Since 1991 the Laboratory of Parasitology, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, in collaboration with the Local Health Authorities, carried out an investigation to assess the levels of these potential anopheline vectors in Calabria, Puglia, Sicily and Sardinia. A.

[Leishmaniasis vectors (Diptera, Psychodidae) in 3 different environments of western Sicily and 2 of the Aeolian Islands].

Some cases of visceral leishmaniasis in children and in adults have been diagnosed in the last fifteen years in Western Sicily and an increasing number of cases of canine leishmaniasis has been recorded, mainly in the province of Palermo. Such a human leishmaniasis recrudescence, after the antimalaria campaign had reduced the transmission, and the increase of canine leishmaniasis in the city of Palermo and its suburbs suggest that transmission in urban areas may be possible. Using the oiled paper method, a survey of phlebotomine sandflies was carried out during June and July 1988 both in the centre and suburbs of Palermo, and during July and August '88 in the Madonie mountains (at 800 to 1200 meters above sea level) and in two Eolian Islands: Lipari and Filicudi.