Evaluation of Pain During Hysteroscopy Under Local Anesthesia, Including the Stages of the Procedure.

Hysteroscopy is an endoscopic diagnostic and therapeutic method traditionally performed under general anesthesia but increasingly under local anesthesia. Today, it is considered the gold standard in gynecology. This minimally invasive procedure allows for a detailed assessment of the uterine cavity's interior and the removal of abnormal changes within it and is applicable to patients of all ages.

Pain Severity During Hysteroscopy by GUBBINI System in Local Anesthesia: Covariance Analysis of Treatment and Effects, Including Patient Emotional State.

Pain accompanying medical procedures can be considered in the "mind-body" problem of accounting for and describing the relationship between mental and physical processes (psyche and soma). : The purpose of this study is to evaluate the severity of pain among patients undergoing a minihysteroscopy procedure under local anesthesia using the "GUBBINI SYSTEM" (GUBBINI Mini Hystero-Resectoscope; Tontarra Medizintechnik, Tuttlingen, Germany) and to assess the association of various covariates with pain during the procedure, including patient emotional state. This study included 171 patients admitted to the Center for Hysteroscopy under Local Anesthesia at the Heliodor Święcicki Gynecological and Obstetrical Clinical Hospital of the Karol Marcinkowski Medical University in Poznań, Poland, for hysteroscopic treatment under local anesthesia (paracervical, using lignocaine).

Amorfrutin B Compromises Hypoxia/Ischemia-induced Activation of Human Microglia in a PPARγ-dependent Manner: Effects on Inflammation, Proliferation Potential, and Mitochondrial Status.

Amorfrutin B is a selective PPARγ modulator that we demonstrated to be a promising neuroprotective compound in cellular models of stroke and perinatal asphyxia. Although neuronal mechanisms of amorfrutin B-evoked neuroprotection have been identified, none of them reflects the actions of the compound on microglia, which play a pivotal role in brain response to hypoxia/ischemia. Here, we provide evidence for amorfrutin B-induced effects on human microglia subjected to hypoxia/ischemia; the compound counteracts inflammation, and influences mitochondrial status and proliferation potential in a PPARγ-dependent manner.

Adding experimental precision to the realism of field observations: Plant communities structure bacterial communities in a glacier forefield.

Ecological studies are aligned along a realism-precision continuum ranging from field observations to controlled lab experiments that each have their own strengths and limitations. Ecological insight may be most robust when combining approaches. In field observations along a successional gradient, we found correlations between plant species composition and soil bacterial communities, while bacterial Shannon diversity was unrelated to vegetation characteristics.