Problem gambling severity in a nationally representative sample of the Israeli population: the moderating role of ethnonational affiliation.

Introduction: Gambling is a public health concern. Problem gambling is related to a range of psycho-social risk factors including ethnonational affiliation. Israel is an insightful case to probe problem gambling, given the socio-economic marginalization of Israeli Arabs, the continued exposure of Israelis to stress and the conservative Israeli gambling market.

[Anesthesia and implantable automatic defibrillator].

Since the introduction of first generation automatic implantable cardioverter defibrillators (AICD) in 1980, an increasing number of such devices have been inserted in patients at high risk for sudden death by ventricular tachycardia or fibrillation (VT/VF). With the improvement of technology and implanting techniques, devices may be inserted at present subcutaneously into the abdominal or the thoracic wall, rather than by thoracotomy. The anaesthesist is involved in the primary implantation of the AICD and the secondary testing of efficiency.

Pain during injection of propofol. The effect of prior administration of thiopentone.

A controlled, double-blind study was performed to compare the prior administration of intravenous saline 4 ml (n = 36), lignocaine 20 mg (n = 36) or thiopentone 100 mg (n = 43) on the pain produced by intravenous injection of propofol. One hundred and fifteen ASA 1 or 2 patients scheduled for minor surgery were studied using a randomised, double-blind design. Thiopentone was more effective than lignocaine in reducing the incidence of propofol injection pain (p < 0.