Antepartum surveillance in diabetic pregnancies: predictors of fetal distress in labor.

Objective: Our purpose was to evaluate an antepartum testing program based on twice-weekly nonstress testing and amniotic fluid evaluation in pregnancies complicated by diabetes mellitus and to weight the test components in the prediction of fetal distress requiring cesarean delivery.

Study Design: During the 4-year period of 1987 through 1990, 2134 women with pregnancies complicated by diabetes underwent antepartum testing. Of these 1501 women (class A1, n = 505; A2-diet, n = 305; A2-insulin, n = 580; B, n = 71; C to D, n = 29; R to F, n = 11) were delivered within 4 days of their last test.

Does Doppler-detected fetal movement decrease the incidence of nonreactive nonstress tests?

Objective: To determine whether a decreased incidence of nonreactive nonstress tests (NSTs) in antepartum testing was attributable to the addition of fetal movement detection to the standard NST.

Methods: Monitors with standard fetal heart rate recording capabilities were used, as were new monitors producing a Doppler-detected recording of fetal movement (NST-fetal movement). Cross-sectional retrospective analysis of NST results was carried out by chi 2.

Fetal echocardiography: factors that influence imaging of the fetal heart during the second trimester of pregnancy.

Objective: The four-chamber view of the heart is an important component of the ultrasonographic examination of the fetus. However, during the second trimester of pregnancy the fetal heart cannot always be imaged in every patient. The purpose of this study was to ascertain the rate of successful imaging of the fetal heart during the second trimester and to determine factors that may influence imaging.

Cook obstetrics and gynecology catheter multicenter chorionic villus sampling trial: comparison of birth defects with expected rates.

Objective: The null hypothesis was that offspring of women undergoing first-trimester chorionic villus sampling do not experience a rate of birth defects exceeding background rates.

Study Design: Follow-up information regarding major malformations was prospectively sought on offspring of 4105 women undergoing first-trimester chorionic villus sampling from nine centers participating in a collaborative study with the Cook obstetrics and gynecology catheter. These data were compared with data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project and other registries.

Risk factors associated with uterine rupture during trial of labor after cesarean delivery: a case-control study.

Objective: The purpose of our study was to thoroughly investigate the risk factors of uterine rupture in patients undergoing trial of labor after cesarean section.

Study Design: We conducted a case-control study of 70 patients with prior cesarean delivery with uterine rupture during trial of labor between January 1983 and June 1990. The risk factors of uterine rupture were identified, and the estimates of the relative risks were reported.