Expanding plant genome-editing scope by an engineered iSpyMacCas9 system that targets A-rich PAM sequences.

The most popular CRISPR-SpCas9 system recognizes canonical NGG protospacer adjacent motifs (PAMs). Previously engineered SpCas9 variants, such as Cas9-NG, favor G-rich PAMs in genome editing. In this manuscript, we describe a new plant genome-editing system based on a hybrid iSpyMacCas9 platform that allows for targeted mutagenesis, C to T base editing, and A to G base editing at A-rich PAMs.

Finding your innovation sweet spot.

Most new product ideas are either uninspired or impractical. So how can developers hit the innovation sweet spot--far enough from existing products to attract real interest but close enough that they are feasible to make and market? They can apply five innovation patterns that manipulate existing components of a product and its immediate environment to come up with something both ingenious and viable, say the authors. The subtraction pattern works by removing product components, particularly those that seem desirable or indispensable.

Long-term magnesium sulfate tocolysis and maternal osteoporosis in a triplet pregnancy: a case report.

Prolonged infusion of magnesium sulfate has been used for the treatment of refractory preterm labor. Long-term magnesium sulfate tocolytic therapy either alone or in combination with other tocolytic agents has been reported to be safe and effective with minimal maternal side effects. There has been only one previous report of a disturbance in maternal calcium homeostasis, which included decreased distal radius bone density and hypercalciuria as a result of prolonged magnesium sulfate infusion.

An adult development study of contextual memory.

This study tested the hypothesis that there is a relatively greater decrease in memory for contextual features than in memory for target information with increasing age. Young, middle-aged, and elderly adults were presented with a number of slides, each of which contained a word centered on a background composed of either a landscape/cityscape or a border design. One third of the subjects were told to remember the words, one third were told to remember the backgrounds, and one third were told to remember the word-and-background pairs.