Publications by authors named "A L Kritski"
Effectiveness of the primary Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine against the risk of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection and tuberculosis disease: a meta-analysis of individual participant data.
Lancet Microbe
December 2024
Background: Tuberculosis vaccine trials using disease as the primary endpoint are large, time consuming, and expensive. An earlier immunological measure of the protection against disease would accelerate tuberculosis vaccine development. We aimed to assess whether the effectiveness of the Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine for prevention of Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection was consistent with that for prevention of tuberculosis disease.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Genetic polymorphisms have been associated with risk of antituberculosis treatment toxicity. We characterized associations with adverse events and treatment failure/recurrence among adults treated for tuberculosis in Brazil.
Methods: Participants were followed in Regional Prospective Observational Research in Tuberculosis (RePORT)-Brazil.
Bedaquiline versus injectable containing regimens for rifampicin-resistant and multidrug-resistant tuberculosis in a reference center in Brazil - a real-world evidence study using a retrospective design.
BMC Infect Dis
October 2024
Article Synopsis
- Drug resistance in tuberculosis (TB) poses significant challenges, and the introduction of bedaquiline (BED) aims to improve treatment outcomes and reduce adverse events (AEs).
- A retrospective study conducted at a Brazilian clinic analyzed 297 patients with rifampicin-resistant (RR) or multidrug-resistant (MDR) TB, comparing outcomes between Injectable Containing Regimens (ICR) and BED Containing Regimens (BCR).
- The findings indicated that AEs were significantly more common in the ICR group, while BCR patients experienced better treatment outcomes and fewer AEs, suggesting BED is a more effective option for managing DR-TB.
Background: Few studies in routine settings have confirmed the high accuracy of the Xpert MTB/RIF assay for detecting rifampicin resistance (RR) and the first-line probe assay (FL-LPA) for detecting both RR and isoniazid resistance (INHR).
Methods: The performance of Xpert MTB/RIF and MTBDRplus VER 2.0 LPA was evaluated in 180 Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples collected from January 2018 to December 2019 in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Article Synopsis
- TB treatment response varies based on genetic ancestry, with a study in Brazil showing differing risks for adverse drug reactions (ADRs) linked to African and European ancestry.
- Patients with a higher proportion of African ancestry had a lower risk of Grade 2+ ADRs, while those with higher European ancestry faced an increased risk; however, this trend changed for patients living with HIV.
- The research involved 941 pulmonary TB patients, and no significant associations were found for Amerindian ancestry or other treatment outcomes in the cohort.