Systematic identification of gene combinations to target in innate immune cells to enhance T cell activation.

Genetic engineering of immune cells has opened new avenues for improving their functionality but it remains a challenge to pinpoint which genes or combination of genes are the most beneficial to target. Here, we conduct High Multiplicity of Perturbations and Cellular Indexing of Transcriptomes and Epitopes (HMPCITE-seq) to find combinations of genes whose joint targeting improves antigen-presenting cell activity and enhances their ability to activate T cells. Specifically, we perform two genome-wide CRISPR screens in bone marrow dendritic cells and identify negative regulators of CD86, that participate in the co-stimulation programs, including Chd4, Stat5b, Egr2, Med12, and positive regulators of PD-L1, that participate in the co-inhibitory programs, including Sptlc2, Nckap1l, and Pi4kb.

Motor inhibition affects the speed but not accuracy of aimed limb movements in an insect.

When reaching toward a target, human subjects use slower movements to achieve higher accuracy, and this can be accompanied by increased limb impedance (stiffness, viscosity) that stabilizes movements against motor noise and external perturbation. In arthropods, the activity of common inhibitory motor neurons influences limb impedance, so we hypothesized that this might provide a mechanism for speed and accuracy control of aimed movements in insects. We recorded simultaneously from excitatory leg motor neurons and from an identified common inhibitory motor neuron (CI1) in locusts that performed natural aimed scratching movements.

[The use of alginic acid-based preparations for treating suppurative wounds of the maxillofacial area and neck].

The effects of algin-based drugs--algipor, algimaf, teralgim--on the course of maxillofacial purulent wounds healing were under study. Cytologic and morphometric data and findings of pH measurements evidence a high efficacy of teralgim and of algipor and algimaf combinations with trypsin immobilized on a cloth base during the first phase of the wound process. Application of these drugs was conducive to a sooner wound purification and to stimulation of the reparative processes.

[Spongy dressings from alginic acid salts in the treatment of suppurative wounds].

Spongy dressing materials made from alginic acid salts, specifically immobilized with terrilitinum (teralginum) were found to reduce the period of wound purification from suppurative and necrotic tissues and to facilitate more rapid, viz. 1.5-fold compared to the control, patient recovery, particularly after preliminary wound treatment with defocussed CO2 laser beam.