Differential treatment of nerve root compression pain caused by lumbar disc herniation applying nucleoplasty.

Background: Nucleoplasty is a minimally invasive intervention use to perform disc decompression in cases of nerve root compression caused by disc herniation. It is important to find rational guidelines for choosing between nucleoplasty and microsurgery.

Objective: To analyze factors that may impact the results of nucleoplasty, and to validate the rational guidelines between minimally invasive treatment and open surgery.

Exposure of T7 RNA polymerase to the isolated binding region of the promoter allows transcription from a single-stranded template.

While the binding region of the T7 promoter must be double-stranded (ds) to function, the non-template strand in the initiation region is dispensable, and a promoter that lacks this element allows efficient initiation. To determine whether the binding region serves merely to recruit the RNA polymerase (RNAP) to the vicinity of a melted initiation region or provides other functions, we utilized a GAL4-T7 RNAP fusion protein to provide an independent binding capacity to the RNAP. When the GAL4-T7 RNAP was recruited to a single-stranded (ss) promoter via a nearby Gal4 recognition sequence, no transcription was observed.

Characterization of an unusual, sequence-specific termination signal for T7 RNA polymerase.

We have characterized an unusual type of termination signal for T7 RNA polymerase that requires a conserved 7-base pair sequence in the DNA (ATCTGTT in the non-template strand). Each of the nucleotides within this sequence is critical for function, as any substitutions abolish termination. The primary site of termination occurs 7 nucleotides downstream from this sequence but is context-independent (that is, the sequence around the site of termination, and in particular the nucleotide at the site of termination, need not be conserved).

Structural modules of the large subunits of RNA polymerase. Introducing archaebacterial and chloroplast split sites in the beta and beta' subunits of Escherichia coli RNA polymerase.

The beta and beta' subunits of Escherichia coli DNA-dependent RNA polymerase are highly conserved throughout eubacterial and eukaryotic kingdoms. However, in some archaebacteria and chloroplasts, the corresponding sequences are "split" into smaller polypeptides that are encoded by separate genes. To test if such split sites can be accommodated into E.

[Detection of nonhistone proteins, bound with regulatory elements of yeast rRNA genes, by UV-crosslinks in intact nuclei].

We have studied the arrangement of DNA-binding proteins along yeast ribosomal non-transcribed spacer by UV-induced DNA-protein crosslinking on intact nuclei. We show binding of proteins with apparent Mw 120 and 30 kDa in promoter region, 120 kDa in enhancer region, 40 kDa in ARS. These proteins were identified preliminary as REB1 (promoter, enhancer), TFID (promoter), MCM3 (ARS).