Addressing the knowledge gap in the genomic landscape and tailored therapeutic approaches to adolescent and young adult cancers.

Background: Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) represent a small proportion of patients with cancer. The genomic profiles of AYA patients with cancer are not well-studied, and outcomes of genome-matched therapies remain largely unknown.

Patients And Methods: We investigated differences between Japanese AYA and older adult (OA) patients in genomic alterations, therapeutic evidence levels, and genome-matched therapy usage by cancer type.

Pharmacokinetics, safety, and efficacy of 20% subcutaneous immunoglobulin (Ig20Gly) administered weekly or every 2 weeks in Japanese patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases: a phase 3, open-label study.

This phase 3, open-label, multidose study (NCT04346108) evaluated the pharmacokinetics, safety, tolerability, and efficacy of immunoglobulin subcutaneous (human) 20% solution (Ig20Gly) administered weekly and every 2 weeks in Japanese patients with primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs). The study was conducted at eight study sites in Japan and enrolled patients aged ≥2 years with PIDs treated using a stable intravenous immunoglobulin dose for ≥3 months prior to the study. Patients received intravenous immunoglobulin every 3 or 4 weeks at pre-study dose (200-600 mg/kg) for 13 weeks (Epoch 1), subcutaneous Ig20Gly (50-200 mg/kg) once weekly for 24 weeks (Epoch 2), and Ig20Gly (100-400 mg/kg) every 2 weeks for 12 weeks (Epoch 3).

An approach for improvement of the accuracy of cancer gene panel testing.

Background: Tissue-based comprehensive genomic profiling (CGP) is increasingly being employed for genotype-directed therapies in patients with advanced cancer. However, tissue availability may limit their potential applications. In Japan, the cost of cancer gene panel tests is covered by public insurance for patients diagnosed with advanced solid tumors once in their lifetime.

Human genetics education as part of the Japanese Cancer Education Comprehensive Support Project.

In Japan, cancer education has been initiated with children as a measure against cancer. Cancer genome medicine, which is a social implementation, includes aspects of genetic medicine. For this reason, it is assumed that content related to "genetics" is also necessary in cancer education.

The β-TrCP-Mediated Pathway Cooperates with the Keap1-Mediated Pathway in Nrf2 Degradation .

Nrf2 activates cytoprotective gene expression, and Nrf2 activity is regulated through at least two protein degradation pathways: the Keap1-mediated and β-TrCP-mediated pathways. To address the relative contributions of these pathways, we generated knock-in mouse lines expressing an Nrf2 mutant that harbored two substitution mutations of serine residues interacting with β-TrCP. The homozygous () mice grew normally, with Nrf2 levels comparable to those of wild-type (WT) mice under unstressed conditions.