The emergence of the col-cap concept in the 2010s led to a focus on previously neglected muscles, hoping to improve the benefit of botulinum toxin injections in patients with movements disorders of the head and neck. The deep posterior cervical muscles are part of this. They include sub-occipital muscles, the semi-spinalis cervicis muscle and even deeper muscles such as the multifidus.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Cervical dystonia is widely understood to benefit from botulinum toxin injections. The injection practices may be influenced by specific factors, including the method of injection. Three main guidance methods can be used: palpation of anatomical landmarks, ultrasound, and electromyography.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRev Neurol (Paris)
June 2024
Purpose: Botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) injections are the main medical treatment of writer's cramp. When the outcome is favourable, patients usually receive injections several times per year in the long-term. However, we know little about the course of BoNT doses and nothing about the impact of the guidance method on the clinical outcome or injection strategy.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFComp Biochem Physiol A Mol Integr Physiol
May 2024
Birds have the highest blood glucose among vertebrates. Several mechanisms may explain this including the lack of a functional insulin-responsive glucose transport protein, high glucagon concentrations, and reliance on lipid oxidation resulting in the production of gluconeogenic precursors. The hypothesis was that interruption of gluconeogenesis using the diabetes medication metformin would lower glucose concentrations in wild-caught birds.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The long-term prognosis of impulsive compulsive disorders (ICD) remains poorly studied in Parkinson's disease (PD).
Objective: Evaluating the natural history of ICD and its impact on PD symptoms including cognition and treatment adjustments.
Materials And Methods: We assessed PD patients at baseline (BL) with (BL-ICD+) or without (BL-ICD-) ICD despite dopamine agonist (DA) exposure of > 300 mg levodopa-equivalent daily dose for > 12 months at baseline and after more than two years of follow-up.