Using the German National Medication Plan for Clinical Studies in Practice-Based Research Networks.

The German National Medication Plan (GNMP) can be a valuable and interoperable data source for clinical studies, due to its digital specification and mandatory provisioning for chronically ill patients. Digital transfer of a patients current GNMP from the Patient Data Management System (PDMS) into electronic case report forms would avoid error prone manual data capturing. It is also essential for studies in practice-based research networks (PBRN), where data capturing must have as little impact as possible on everyday practice.

Vital Dye Uptake of YO-PRO-1 and DASPEI Depends Upon Mechanoelectrical Transduction Function in Zebrafish Hair Cells.

Purpose: Vital dyes allow the visualization of cells in vivo without causing tissue damage, making them a useful tool for studying lateral line and inner ear hair cells in living zebrafish and other vertebrates. FM1-43, YO-PRO-1, and DASPEI are three vital dyes commonly used for hair cell visualization. While it has been established that FM1-43 enters hair cells of zebrafish and other organisms through the mechanoelectrical transduction (MET) channel, the mechanism of entry into hair cells for YO-PRO-1 and DASPEI has not been established despite widespread use.

Science of science: A multidisciplinary field studying science.

Science and knowledge are studied by researchers across many disciplines, examining how they are developed, what their current boundaries are and how we can advance them. By integrating evidence across disparate disciplines, the holistic field of can address these foundational questions. This field illustrates how science is shaped by many interconnected factors: the cognitive processes of scientists, the historical evolution of science, economic incentives, institutional influences, computational approaches, statistical, mathematical and instrumental foundations of scientific inference, scientometric measures, philosophical and ethical dimensions of scientific concepts, among other influences.