Social Category Modulation of the Happy Face Advantage.

The size of the happy face advantage-faster categorization of happy faces-is modulated by interactions between perceiver and target social categories, with reliable happy face advantages for ingroups but not necessarily outgroups. The current understanding of this phenomenon is constrained by the limited social categories typically used in experiments. To better understand the mechanism(s) underpinning social category modulation of the happy face advantage, we used racially more diverse samples of perceivers and target faces and manipulated the intergroup context in which they appeared.

Mitral valve prolapse in sudden cardiac arrest survivors - coincidence or causal relationship?

Background: Sudden cardiac arrest (SCA) risk stratification in patients with mitral valve prolapse (MVP) may be complicated by other potential causes of arrhythmia.

Objectives: We aimed to characterize SCA survivors with isolated (iMVP) and non-isolated MVP (non-iMVP) and to assess their long-term follow-up.

Methods: This ambispective study included 75 patients with MVP who experienced SCA and were treated in our center between 2009-2024.

The Fifth Annual Symposium of the Midwest Aging Consortium.

As the healthcare burden caused by an increasingly aging population rapidly rises, a pressing need exists for innovative geroscience research that can elucidate aging mechanisms and precipitate the development of therapeutic interventions to support healthy aging. The Fifth Annual Midwest Aging Consortium Aging Research symposium, held from April 28-30, 2024, was hosted by The Ohio State University in Columbus, Ohio and featured presentations from investigators across the Midwestern United States. This report summarizes the research presented at the symposium, whose topics included cellular senescence and the aging brain, metabolism and metabolic interventions, nutrition, redox mechanisms and biomarkers, and stress mechanisms.

Mucin gene expression in the large intestine of young pigs: The effect of dietary level of two types of chicory inulin.

Objectives: Inulin is a plant polysaccharide that may affect the gut barrier depending on its degree of polymerization (DP). Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effect of dietary level of two inulin types differing in DP on mucin content and MUC gene expression in the colon mucosa of pigs.

Methods: The 40-d experiment involved 56 piglets divided into seven groups fed a diet with 0%, 1%, 2%, or 3% inulin with DP of 10 or 23.

Hedgehog Signalling Pathway and Its Role in Shaping the Architecture of Intestinal Epithelium.

The hedgehog (Hh) signalling pathway plays a key role in both embryonic and postnatal development of the intestine and is responsible for gut homeostasis. It regulates stem cell renewal, formation of the villous-crypt axis, differentiation of goblet and Paneth cells, the cell cycle, apoptosis, development of gut innervation, and lipid metabolism. Ligands of the Hh pathway, i.