Antagonistic interactions between spinosad and macrocyclic lactones in combination against larvae of the sheep blowfly, Lucilia cuprina, in vitro.

Control of the sheep blowfly relies on insecticides, however resistance is currently impacting on their efficacy. The use of insecticides in combination (mixtures) is considered to be a useful strategy to delay resistance under some circumstances. The present study aimed to examine the combination of spinosad with macrocyclic lactones in order to determine if the two drug classes showed any interactions that would impact on the usefulness of a combination product for flystrike control.

Rethinking Biomedical Titanium Alloy Design: A Review of Challenges from Biological and Manufacturing Perspectives.

Current biomedical titanium alloys have been repurposed from other industries, which has contributed to several biologically driven implant failure mechanisms. This review highlights the added value that may be gained by building an appreciation of implant biological responses at the onset of alloy design. Specifically, the fundamental mechanisms associated with immune response, angiogenesis, osseointegration and the potential threat of infection are discussed, including how elemental selection can modulate these pivotal systems.

The Relationship Between Point-of-Care Tool Use and Nurses' Self-Efficacy.

Background: Despite benefits of evidence-based practice (EBP), barriers exist that prevent translation of evidence to point of care.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine types of EBP resources used by nurses, and correlate EBP resource use with nurse's self-efficacy.

Method: A descriptive correlational design was used.