Blood calcium dynamics in cows receiving an aqueous calcium suspension for voluntary consumption or a calcium bolus following parturition.

The form of oral calcium (Ca) supplement and the Ca source influence Ca absorption dynamics resulting in different postpartum calcemia. The objective of this study was to investigate whether an oral Ca supplement (mainly CaCO3) offered for voluntary consumption would maintain or increase postpartum blood Ca to the same degree as a Ca bolus (mainly CaCl2) providing an equivalent dose of a Ca. A total of 72 Holstein cows were blocked by expected parturition date and parity.

Methane mitigation potential of 3-nitrooxypropanol in lactating cows is influenced by basal diet composition.

The objective of this study was to investigate whether the CH mitigation potential of 3-nitrooxypropanol (3-NOP) in dairy cattle was affected by basal diet (BD) composition. The experiment involved 64 Holstein-Friesian dairy cows (146 ± 45 d in milk at the start of trial; mean ± SD) in 2 overlapping crossover trials, each consisting of 2 measurement periods. Cows were blocked according to parity, d in milk, and milk yield, and randomly allocated to 1 of 3 diets: a grass silage-based diet (GS) consisting of 30% concentrates and 70% grass silage (DM basis), a grass silage- and corn silage-mixed diet (GSCS) consisting of 30% concentrates, 42% grass silage, and 28% corn silage (DM basis), or a corn silage-based diet (CS) consisting of 30% concentrates, 14% grass silage, and 56% corn silage (DM basis).

14-3-3 mitigates alpha-synuclein aggregation and toxicity in the in vivo preformed fibril model.

Alpha-synuclein (αsyn) is the key component of proteinaceous aggregates termed Lewy Bodies that pathologically define a group of disorders known as synucleinopathies, including Parkinson's Disease (PD) and Dementia with Lewy Bodies. αSyn is hypothesized to misfold and spread throughout the brain in a prion-like fashion. Transmission of αsyn necessitates the release of misfolded αsyn from one cell and the uptake of that αsyn by another, in which it can template the misfolding of endogenous αsyn upon cell internalization.

The effect of repeated freeze-thaw cycles on human muscle tissue visualized by postmortem computed tomography (PMCT).

The aim of this study was to determine whether effects of repetitive freeze-thaw cycles, with various thawing temperatures, on human muscle tissue can be quantified using postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) technology. An additional objective was to determine the preferred thawing temperature for muscle tissue in this study. Human cadaver upper extremities were divided into two different thawing temperature groups and underwent a series of four freeze-thaw cycles in total.

Carry-over of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) in dairy cows fed smoke contaminated maize silage or sugar beet pulp.

Fires and improper drying may result in contamination of feed with PCDD/Fs and PCBs. To predict the impact of elevated feed levels, it is important to understand the carry-over to edible products from food producing animals. Therefore, a carry-over study was performed with maize silage contaminated by a fire with PVC materials, and with sugar beet pulp contaminated by drying with coal, containing particles from a plastic roof.