Development and translation of thiometallate sulfide donors using a porcine model of coronary occlusion and reperfusion.

Sulfide-releasing compounds reduce reperfusion injury by decreasing mitochondria-derived reactive oxygen species production. We previously characterised ammonium tetrathiomolybdate (ATTM), a clinically used copper chelator, as a sulfide donor in rodents. Here we assessed translation to large mammals prior to clinical testing.

Antibiotics, Sedatives, and Catecholamines Further Compromise Sepsis-Induced Immune Suppression in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells.

Objectives: We hypothesized that the immunosuppressive effects associated with antibiotics, sedatives, and catecholamines amplify sepsis-associated immune suppression through mitochondrial dysfunction, and there is a cumulative effect when used in combination. We thus sought to determine the impact of the exemplar drugs ciprofloxacin, propofol, and norepinephrine, used alone and in combination, at clinically relevant concentrations, on the ex vivo functionality of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) drawn from healthy, infected, and septic individuals.

Design: In vitro/ex vivo investigation.

Distinct Traits of Structural and Regulatory Evolutional Conservation of Human Genes with Specific Focus on Major Cancer Molecular Pathways.

The evolution of protein-coding genes has both structural and regulatory components. The first can be assessed by measuring the ratio of non-synonymous to synonymous nucleotide substitutions. The second component can be measured as the normalized proportion of transposable elements that are used as regulatory elements.

Association Between Hypocholesterolemia and Mortality in Critically Ill Patients With Sepsis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Unlabelled: To ascertain the association between cholesterol and triglyceride levels on ICU admission and mortality in patients with sepsis.

Data Sources: Systematic review and meta-analysis of published studies on PubMed and Embase.

Study Selection: All observational studies reporting ICU admission cholesterol and triglyceride levels in critically ill patients with sepsis were included.

The Many Roles of Cholesterol in Sepsis: A Review.

The biological functions of cholesterol are diverse, ranging from cell membrane integrity, cell membrane signaling, and immunity to the synthesis of steroid and sex hormones, vitamin D, bile acids, and oxysterols. Multiple studies have demonstrated hypocholesterolemia in sepsis, the degree of which is an excellent prognosticator of poor outcomes. However, the clinical significance of hypocholesterolemia has been largely unrecognized.