Taming Prolonged Ionic Drift-Diffusion Dynamics for Brain-Inspired Computation.

Recent advances in neural network-based computing have enabled human-like information processing in areas such as image classification and voice recognition. However, many neural networks run on conventional computers that operate at GHz clock frequency and consume considerable power compared to biological neural networks, such as human brains, which work with a much slower spiking rate. Although many electronic devices aiming to emulate the energy efficiency of biological neural networks have been explored, achieving long timescales while maintaining scalability remains an important challenge.

A case of vesiculobullous dermatomyositis with anti-NXP-2 antibody without malignancy.

Vesiculobullous dermatomyositis (VD) is a rare manifestation of dermatomyositis (DM) and has been suggested to be associated with malignancy. Although the myositis-specific autoantibodies are associated with distinct clinical presentations of DM, those associated with VD remain unclear. Here, we present the case of a 54-year-old man with VD who tested positive for antinuclear matrix protein 2 (NXP-2) antibodies, one of the DM-specific autoantibodies.

A Phenotypic Analysis of Involucrin-Membrane-Bound Ovalbumin Mice after Adoptive Transfer of Ovalbumin-Specific CD8 T Cells.

To investigate the mechanism of autoimmunity and peripheral tolerance in the skin, several transgenic mouse strains expressing membrane-bound ovalbumin (mOVA) as an epidermal self-antigen under the control of keratinocyte-specific promotors, such as keratin 5 and keratin 14, were employed in combination with adoptive transfer of CD8 T cells from OT-I mice (OT-I T cells) that recognize an ovalbumin-derived peptide. However, these strains showed bodyweight loss and required additional inflammatory stimuli, such as γ-irradiation and tape-stripping, to induce skin inflammation. In this study, we generated a mouse strain expressing mOVA under the control of human involucrin promoter (involucrin-mOVA mice).

Circadian rhythm affects the magnitude of contact hypersensitivity response in mice.

Background: The circadian rhythm controls multiple biological processes, including immune responses; however, its impact on cutaneous adaptive immune response remains unclear.

Methods: We used a well-established cutaneous type IV allergy model, contact hypersensitivity (CHS). We induced CHS using dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB).