Role of 3D high resolution anorectal manometry compared to conventional technique in management of constipation and fecal incontinence in children.

Background: Anorectal manometry is a valuable tool for objective assessment of motility motor and sensory function of the anorectum. The aim of this study was to investigate role of water-perfused (WP) three dimensional high-resolution anorectal manometry (3D-HRARM) compared to WP conventional manometry (CM) in the management of chronic idiopathic constipation (CIC) and faecal incontinence (FI) in children.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of 122 consecutive children, who had WP 8-channel CM or 24 channel 3D-HRARM and endosonography under ketamine anaesthesia from September 2012 to February 2019.

Long term outcome of antegrade colonic enema (ACE) stoma for treatment of constipation and fecal incontinence in children.

Aim: To determine the long term outcome of antegrade colonic enema (ACE) stoma for treatment of chronic constipation and soiling in children.

Method: We reviewed patients prospectively who underwent formation of ACE stoma after failure of maximum medical treatment of chronic constipation and soiling from September 2008 to October 2020. All patients had anorectal manometry, endosonography and colonic transit study.

Consent and parental responsibility - the past, the present and the future.

Introduction Informed consent is the 'permission or agreement' given by the patient for a proposed action. This paper explores the clinician's role in obtaining informed consent, provides an overview of consent and parental responsibility in the UK, and presents practical adjuncts to aid dental professionals in ascertaining who has parental responsibility to delineate persons capable of providing assent on behalf of an underage patient.Consent and parental responsibility While the principles of consent have largely stayed constant with time, subtleties in parental responsibility legislation exist in different regions of the UK.

Mechanical Property Improvement in Dissimilar Friction Stir Welded Al5083/Al6061 Joints: Effects of Post-Weld Heat Treatment and Abnormal Grain Growth.

The 5083 and 6061(T6) aluminum (Al) alloys are widely used in transportation industries and the development of structural designs because of their high toughness and high corrosion resistance. Friction stir welding (FSW) was performed to produce the dissimilar welded joint of Al5083-Al 6061(T6) under different welding parameters. However, softening behavior occurred in the friction stir welded (FSWed) samples because of grain coarsening or the dissolution of precipitation-hardening phases in the welding zone.

Patient, clinician and independent observer perspectives of shared decision making in adult orthodontics.

Objectives: To investigate and compare the extent of shared decision making (SDM) in orthodontics from the perspective of patients, clinicians and independent observers.

Design: A cross-sectional, observational study.

Setting: NHS teaching hospital.