Effect of COVID-19 restriction measures on multidrug resistant tuberculosis case notifications and treatment outcomes at treatment centres in Uganda.

Background: Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) is a global public health threat. In 2021, an incidence of 3.6% was reported among new TB patients, and 18% was reported among previously treated patients.

A mixed methods evaluation of 99DOTS digital adherence technology uptake among adolescents treated for pulmonary tuberculosis in Uganda.

Introduction: Adolescents and young adults are at risk of poor adherence to tuberculosis (TB) treatment and subsequently worse TB treatment outcomes. Digital adherence technologies, including the mobile phone-based 99DOTS platform, can support TB treatment, but there is limited data on their use among adolescents.

Objective: To evaluate factors associated with the uptake of 99DOTS among adolescents with TB.

Impact of a multicomponent strategy including decentralized molecular testing for tuberculosis on mortality: planned analysis of a cluster-randomized trial in Uganda.

Background: Rapid diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) is important for improving outcomes and reducing transmission. Previous studies assessing the impact of Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert), a molecular assay that provides results within 2 h, on mortality have been inconclusive. In this planned analysis of a pragmatic cluster-randomized trial in Uganda, we assessed whether a multicomponent strategy, including decentralized Xpert testing, decreased mortality among adults evaluated for TB.

Adverse Events Reported During Weekly Isoniazid-Rifapentine (3HP) Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Uganda.

Background: Short-course tuberculosis (TB) prevention regimens, including 12 weeks of isoniazid and rifapentine (3HP), are increasingly used in high-TB-burden countries. Despite established safety and tolerability in efficacy trials, 3HP-related adverse events (AEs) could differ in routine settings. Real-world data on AE type, frequency, and timing are crucial for health systems considering 3HP programmatic scale-up.