Histochemical characteristics of calcium binding S100 proteins and bone morphogenetic proteins in chondro-osseous tumors.

Immunohistochemical distribution of the Ca2+ binding proteins S100A1, S100A2, S100A4, S100A6, S100B, and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in chondro-osseous tumors and lesions, both benign and malignant, was investigated using specific anti S100 protein and BMP antibodies. Chondrogenic tumor cells of chondro-osseous lesions were characterized by the presence of marked staining for S100B and BMP, while they were only faintly reactive for S100A1, S100A2, S100A4 and S100A6. Dense fibrous connective tissue in osseous tumor and ossifying fibroma showed moderate immunoreactivity for S100A1, S100A4 and BMP.

Tenascin: growth and adhesion modulation--extracellular matrix degrading function: an in vitro study.

Tenascin (TN), a recently characterised extracellular matrix protein, largely confined to the process with the development of embryo in areas of epithelial-mesenchymal interactions and in areas where there are morphogenetic movements and tissue patterning, has a highly restricted expression in adult tissues. The expression of TN is enhanced in a variety of human neoplastic lesions. However, function(s) and molecular mechanisms of enhanced expression in neoplastic lesions remain unclear.

Immunohistochemical evaluation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) in mixed tumor of skin.

Immunohistochemical reaction of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) was assessed in 19 cases of skin mixed tumor and 5 cases of skin appendage tumors by using monoclonal antibody raised against BMP. All cases of skin mixed tumor showed positive staining for BMP in modified myoepithelial cells located at the periphery of tubulo-ductal or solid structures, and in plasmacytoid or tumor cells in hyalinous structures. Chondroidally changed cells also showed a strong BMP immunoreactivity.

Bone formation under the influence of bone morphogenetic protein/self-setting apatite cement composite as a delivery system.

Self-setting apatite cement (apatite cement) with a phase of hydroxyapatite (HAP) was employed as a delivery system for bone morphogenetic protein (BMP). A composite of BMP and apatite cement (BMP/HAP composite) was implanted both in thigh muscle and surgically created defect of a critical size of 5 mm, which is a size that does not heal spontaneously in the femur of mice, to evaluate its osteogenetic potential as an augmentation and reconstructive material for clinical usage. The histological and immunohistochemical assessment of proteoglycans reiterated osteogenesis in the muscle tissue.