Publications by authors named "A Kamalakar"
Background Aims: Oral wound healing involves hemostasis, inflammation, proliferation and tissue remodeling. The oral cavity is a complex wound healing environment because of the presence of saliva, a high bacterial burden and ongoing physical trauma from eating. The inflammatory component of wound healing balances the polarization of macrophages in healing tissues between M1 inflammatory macrophages and M2 anti-inflammatory macrophages.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFRecent genome-wide association studies (GWAS) identified 518 significant loci associated with bone mineral density (BMD), including variants at the RUNX1 locus (rs13046645, rs2834676, and rs2834694). However, their regulatory impact on RUNX1 expression and bone formation remained unclear. This study utilized human induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) differentiated into osteoblasts to investigate these variants' regulatory roles.
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- Current treatments for craniofacial bone abnormalities, which include surgeries and bone grafts, are costly and have significant limitations, with some therapies posing serious health risks.
- Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP2) has issues like overgrowth and inflammation, while stem cell therapies are promising but not FDA approved and resource-heavy.
- Research suggests that JAGGED1 can effectively promote bone regeneration in pediatric patients by inducing specific signaling pathways in osteoblasts, presenting a potential innovative treatment option for craniofacial bone loss.
Article Synopsis
- Orofacial clefts are the most common birth defects affecting the face, and improper healing after cleft palate surgery can result in oronasal fistulas (ONFs), which are troublesome connections between the mouth and nose.
- Current treatments using human tissue grafts for ONF repair are effective but carry risks like infection and rejection, leading to the need for further surgery.
- A new approach using an FDA-approved drug, FTY720, aims to improve healing by modifying immune responses and has shown promising results in laboratory mice, indicating potential for better treatment options in children with cleft palate issues.
Unlabelled: Orofacial clefts are the most common craniofacial congenital anomaly. Following cleft palate repair, up to 60% of surgeries have wound healing complications leading to oronasal fistula (ONF), a persistent connection between the roof of the mouth and the nasal cavity. The current gold standard methods for ONF repair use human allograft tissues; however, these procedures have risks of graft infection and/or rejection, requiring surgical revisions.
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