Publications by authors named "A K Musubire"
Given extensive improvements in access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) over the past 12 years, the HIV and cryptococcal meningitis landscapes have dramatically changed since 2010. We sought to evaluate changes in clinical presentation and clinical outcomes of people presenting with HIV-associated cryptococcal meningitis between 2010 and 2022 in Uganda. We analyzed three prospective cohorts of HIV-infected Ugandans with cryptococcal meningitis during 2010-2012, 2013-2017, and 2018-2022.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: This study aimed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of dried blood spot (DBS) compared with conventional serum Aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-IgG) testing.
Methods: Prospective multicenter diagnostic study was conducted between April 2018 and October 2023 across medical centers in the United States, Uganda, and the Republic of Guinea. Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients and controls collected blood on filter paper cards along with concurrent serum samples.
Article Synopsis
- Despite available HIV treatments, cryptococcal meningitis still results in significant death rates, with the immune response's role in mortality remaining unclear.!* -
- A study of 337 Ugandan patients showed that higher levels of certain proinflammatory cytokines in their cerebrospinal fluid were linked to better survival rates, while lower levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines correlated with higher mortality.!* -
- The findings suggest that a stronger cytotoxic immune response in the central nervous system may enhance survival outcomes, highlighting the need for further research into immune responses for managing cryptococcal meningitis.!*
Article Synopsis
- Cryptococcal meningitis is a significant cause of mortality in individuals with late-stage HIV, and the relationship between cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) immune responses and leukocyte infiltration's impact on survival is being studied.
- A study involving 401 adults in Uganda showed that those with a higher CSF leukocyte count (≥50/μL) had a 68% survival rate at 18 weeks, compared to 52% for those with lower counts, indicating that immune response is critical for survival.
- Increased survival correlates with elevated levels of specific immune markers, including T helper cytokines and certain chemokines, suggesting that a robust immune response in CSF is vital for improving outcomes in patients with HIV
Background And Objectives: Little is known about the impact of HIV infection on the clinical presentation and outcomes after stroke in the modern antiretroviral therapy (ART) era. We aimed to compare stroke characteristics and outcomes between persons with HIV (PWH) and without HIV (PWOH) presenting with stroke in Uganda.
Methods: We conducted a matched cohort study at Mulago National Referral Hospital and Mbarara Regional Referral Hospital between January 2018 and November 2020.