WITHDRAWN: Impact of Racial Differences on the Epidemiology and Clinical Outcomes of Atrial Fibrillation.

Unlabelled: Since the authors are not responding to the editor’s requests to fulfill the editorial requirement, therefore, the article has been withdrawn by the publisher. Bentham Science apologizes to the readers of the journal for any inconvenience this may have caused. The Bentham Editorial Policy on Article Withdrawal can be found at https://benthamscience.

Spatial concentration and distribution of phase singularities in human atrial fibrillation: Insights for the AF mechanism.

Background: Atrial fibrillation (AF) is characterized by the repetitive regeneration of unstable rotational events, the pivot of which are known as phase singularities (PSs). The spatial concentration and distribution of PSs have not been systematically investigated using quantitative statistical approaches.

Objectives: We utilized a geospatial statistical approach to determine the presence of local spatial concentration and global clustering of PSs in biatrial human AF recordings.

Peptidomics of enteroendocrine cells and characterisation of potential effects of a novel preprogastrin derived-peptide on glucose tolerance in lean mice.

Objectives: To analyse the peptidomics of mouse enteroendocrine cells (EECs) and human gastrointestinal (GI) tissue and identify novel gut derived peptides.

Methods: High resolution nano-flow liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) was performed on (i) flow-cytometry purified NeuroD1 positive cells from mouse and homogenised human intestinal biopsies, (ii) supernatants from primary murine intestinal cultures, (iii) intestinal homogenates from mice fed high fat diet. Candidate bioactive peptides were selected on the basis of species conservation, high expression/biosynthesis in EECs and evidence of regulated secretionin vitro.

Atrial fibrosis and substrate based characterization in atrial fibrillation: Time to move forwards.

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most commonly encountered cardiac arrhythmia in clinical practice. However, current therapeutic interventions for atrial fibrillation have limited clinical efficacy as a consequence of major knowledge gaps in the mechanisms sustaining atrial fibrillation. From a mechanistic perspective, there is increasing evidence that atrial fibrosis plays a central role in the maintenance and perpetuation of atrial fibrillation.

M/M/Infinity Birth-Death Processes - A Quantitative Representational Framework to Summarize and Explain Phase Singularity and Wavelet Dynamics in Atrial Fibrillation.

Rationale: A quantitative framework to summarize and explain the quasi-stationary population dynamics of unstable phase singularities (PS) and wavelets in human atrial fibrillation (AF) is at present lacking. Building on recent evidence showing that the formation and destruction of PS and wavelets in AF can be represented as renewal processes, we sought to establish such a quantitative framework, which could also potentially provide insight into the mechanisms of spontaneous AF termination.

Objectives: Here, we hypothesized that the observed number of PS or wavelets in AF could be governed by a common set of renewal rate constants λ (for PS or wavelet formation) and λ (PS or wavelet destruction), with steady-state population dynamics modeled as an M/M/∞ birth-death process.