Updates on neonatal cell and novel therapeutics: Proceedings of the Second Neonatal Cell Therapies Symposium (2024).

Cell therapies as treatments for neonatal conditions have attracted significant research and parent interest over the last two decades. Mesenchymal stromal cells, umbilical cord blood cells and neural stem cells translate from lab, to preclinical and into clinical trials, with contributions being made from all over the world. Effective and timely translation involves frequent reflection and consultation from research-adjacent fields (i.

Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Aptamer-Targeting Porous Silicon Nanocarrier.

Common treatment approaches for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) are associated with severe side effects due to the unfavorable biodistribution profile of potent chemotherapeutics. Here, we explored the potential of TNBC-targeting aptamer-decorated porous silicon nanoparticles (pSiNPs) as targeted nanocarriers for TNBC. A "salt-aging" strategy was employed to fabricate a TNBC-targeting aptamer functionalized pSiNP that was highly colloidally stable.

AMPK Phosphorylates LMX1b to Regulate a Brainstem Neurogenic Network Important for Control of Breathing in Neonatal Mice.

Ventilatory drive is modulated by a variety of neurochemical inputs that converge on spatially oriented clusters of cells within the brainstem. This regulation is required to maintain energy homeostasis and is essential to sustain life across all mammalian organisms. Therefore, the anatomical orientation of these cellular clusters during development must have a defined mechanistic basis with redundant genomic variants.

Improving the Robustness of Deep-Learning Models in Predicting Hematoma Expansion from Admission Head CT.

Background And Purpose: Robustness against input data perturbations is essential for deploying deep-learning models in clinical practice. Adversarial attacks involve subtle, voxel-level manipulations of scans to increase deep-learning models' prediction errors. Testing deep-learning model performance on examples of adversarial images provides a measure of robustness, and including adversarial images in the training set can improve the model's robustness.

Central Sleep Apnea and Cardiovascular Disease State-of-the-Art.

Central sleep apnea (CSA), a rare polysomnographic finding in the general population, is prevalent in certain cardiovascular conditions including systolic and diastolic left ventricular dysfunction, atrial fibrillation, coronary artery disease, carotid artery stenosis, stroke and use of certain cardiac-related medications. Polysomnographic findings of CSA with adverse cardiovascular impacts include nocturnal hypoxemia and arousals, which can lead to increased sympathetic activity both at night and in the daytime. Among cardiovascular diseases, CSA is most prevalent in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction; a large study of more than 900 treated patients has shown a dose dependent relationship between nocturnal desaturation and mortality.