Intra-articular injection of an extended-release flavopiridol formulation represents a potential alternative to other intra-articular medications for treating equine joint disease.

Objective: To establish the pharmacokinetics of the cyclin-dependent kinase-9 inhibitor flavopiridol in equine middle carpal joints, using an extended-release poly lactic-co-glycolic acid (PLGA) microparticle formulation.

Animals: 4 healthy horses without evidence of forelimb lameness.

Methods: A 6-week longitudinal pharmacokinetic study was conducted in 2 phases (6 weeks each) in 4 healthy horses.

Multimodal fluorescence lifetime imaging and optical coherence tomography for longitudinal monitoring of tissue-engineered cartilage maturation in a preclinical implantation model.

Significance: Cartilage tissue engineering is a promising strategy for effective curative therapies for treatment of osteoarthritis. However, tissue engineers depend predominantly on time-consuming, expensive, and destructive techniques as quality control to monitor the maturation of engineered cartilage. This practice can be impractical for large-scale biomanufacturing and prevents spatial and temporal monitoring of tissue growth, which is critical for the fabrication of clinically relevant-sized cartilage constructs.

Non-destructive, continuous monitoring of biochemical, mechanical, and structural maturation in engineered tissue.

Regulatory guidelines for tissue engineered products require stringent characterization during production and necessitate the development of novel, non-destructive methods to quantify key functional parameters for clinical translation. Traditional assessments of engineered tissues are destructive, expensive, and time consuming. Here, we introduce a non-destructive, inexpensive, and rapid sampling and analysis system that can continuously monitor the mechanical, biochemical, and structural properties of a single sample over extended periods of time.

Optimized Joint Coordinate System Achieves Clinically Meaningful Kinematics of the Tibiofemoral Joint as Compared to the International Society of Biomechanics (ISB) Recommendation.

Quantification of clinically meaningful tibiofemoral motions requires a coordinate system where motions are free from kinematic crosstalk errors. The objectives were to 1) develop an algorithm for assigning an optimized joint coordinate system (OPT JCS) that minimizes kinematic crosstalk errors based on a kinematic model of the tibiofemoral joint, 2) determine tibiofemoral kinematics of the native (i.e.