Short-term Patient-Reported Outcomes Following Bilateral Risk-Reducing Mastectomy for Patients at a High Risk for Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review.

Background: Bilateral risk-reducing mastectomies (RRMs) have been proven to decrease the risk of breast cancer in patients at high risk owing to family history or having pathogenic genetic mutations. However, few resources with consolidated data have detailed the patient experience following surgery. This systematic review features patient-reported outcomes for patients with no breast cancer history in the year after their bilateral RRM.

Chiral spherical aromatic amides: one-step synthesis and their stereochemical/chiroptical properties.

Macrocyclic aromatic amides 2, in which the -positions of all four benzene rings are linked by tertiary amide bonds, were successfully synthesized by a one-step condensation reaction of two monomers using dichlorotriphenylphosphorane or triphenylphosphine/hexachloroethane (dehydration-condensation reagents for carboxy and amino groups), or LiHMDS (aminolysis for esters) as coupling reagents. Single crystal X-ray analyses of the -methyl and -ethyl derivatives were performed and revealed that each compound adopted a spherical structure with chirality because of the fixed axis rotation and combined polarity of the amide bonds. Enantiomers of each spherical macrocycle were separated by chiral column chromatography and showed mirror-imaged CD spectra to each other.

Association Between Physical Activity and Performance in Skill Learning Among Older Adults Based on Cognitive Function.

Background/objectives: Most older adults experience cognitive and physical functioning problems; however, they require the ability to learn skills in response to age-related or social environmental changes for independent living. This study aimed to clarify the associations between age-related physical activity and performance in skill learning tasks based on cognitive function.

Methods: Fifty-eight adults participated in this study and were divided into two groups: the control group (aged under 65 years) and older adult group (aged over 65).

Zonated Wnt/β-catenin signal-activated cardiomyocytes at the atrioventricular canal promote coronary vessel formation in zebrafish.

Cells functioning at a specific zone by clustering according to gene expression are recognized as zonated cells. Here, we demonstrate anatomical and functional zones in the zebrafish heart. The cardiomyocytes (CMs) at the atrioventricular canal between the atrium and ventricle could be grouped into three zones according to the localization of signal-activated CMs: Wnt/β-catenin signal, Bmp signal, and Tbx2b zones.