Electrical impedance tomography monitoring in adult ICU patients: state-of-the-art, recommendations for standardized acquisition, processing, and clinical use, and future directions.

Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is an emerging technology for the non-invasive monitoring of regional distribution of ventilation and perfusion, offering real-time and continuous data that can greatly enhance our understanding and management of various respiratory conditions and lung perfusion. Its application may be especially beneficial for critically ill mechanically ventilated patients. Despite its potential, clear evidence of clinical benefits is still lacking, in part due to a lack of standardization and transparent reporting, which is essential for ensuring reproducible research and enhancing the use of EIT for personalized mechanical ventilation.

Monitoring respiratory muscles effort during mechanical ventilation.

Purpose Of Review: To summarize basic physiological concepts of breathing effort and outline various methods for monitoring effort of inspiratory and expiratory muscles.

Recent Findings: Esophageal pressure (Pes) measurement is the reference standard for respiratory muscle effort quantification, but various noninvasive screening tools have been proposed. Expiratory occlusion pressures (P0.

Clinical implementation of advanced respiratory monitoring with esophageal pressure and electrical impedance tomography: results from an international survey and focus group discussion.

Background: Popularity of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) and esophageal pressure (Pes) monitoring in the ICU is increasing, but there is uncertainty regarding their bedside use within a personalized ventilation strategy. We aimed to gather insights about the current experiences and perceived role of these physiological monitoring techniques, and to identify barriers and facilitators/solutions for EIT and Pes implementation.

Methods: Qualitative study involving (1) a survey targeted at ICU clinicians with interest in advanced respiratory monitoring and (2) an expert focus group discussion.

Physiological definition for region of interest selection in electrical impedance tomography data: description and validation of a novel method.

. Geometrical region of interest (ROI) selection in electrical impedance tomography (EIT) monitoring may lack sensitivity to subtle changes in ventilation distribution. Therefore, we demonstrate a new physiological method for ROI definition.