Seascape Genomics of Red Abalone: Limited Range-Wide Population Structure and Evidence for Local Adaptation.

Characterising patterns of genetic diversity including evidence of local adaptation is relevant for predicting and managing species recovering from overexploitation in the face of climate change. Red abalone (Haliotis rufescens) is a species of conservation concern due to recent declines from overharvesting, disease and climate change, resulting in the closure of commercial and recreational fisheries. Using whole-genome resequencing data from 23 populations spanning their entire range (southern Oregon, USA, to Baja California, MEX) we investigated patterns of population connectivity and genotype-environment associations that would reveal local adaptation across the mosaic of coastal environments that define the California Current System (CCS).

Immunity to fungi and vaccine considerations.

Fungal disease poses a growing threat to public health that our current antifungal therapies are not well equipped to meet. As the population of immunocompromised hosts expands, and ecological changes favor the emergence of fungal pathogens, the development of new antifungal agents, including vaccines, becomes a global priority. Here, we summarize recent advancements in the understanding of fungal pathogenesis, key features of the host antifungal immune response, and how these findings could be leveraged to design novel approaches to deadly fungal disease.

Physically informed deep neural networks for metabolite-corrected plasma input function estimation in dynamic PET imaging.

Introduction: We propose a novel approach for the non-invasive quantification of dynamic PET imaging data, focusing on the arterial input function (AIF) without the need for invasive arterial cannulation.

Methods: Our method utilizes a combination of three-dimensional depth-wise separable convolutional layers and a physically informed deep neural network to incorporatea priori knowledge about the AIF's functional form and shape, enabling precise predictions of the concentrations of [C]PBR28 in whole blood and the free tracer in metabolite-corrected plasma.

Results: We found a robust linear correlation between our model's predicted AIF curves and those obtained through traditional, invasive measurements.

Vaccination with O-linked Mannans Protects against Systemic Candidiasis through Innate Lymphocyte Populations.

Candida spp. are the fourth leading cause of bloodstream infections in hospitalized patients and the most common cause of invasive fungal infection. No vaccine against Candida spp.