Nutrient niche specificity for glycosaminoglycans is reflected in polysaccharide utilization locus architecture of gut species.

Introduction: Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) present in the mucosal layer can be used as nutrients by certain intestinal bacteria, particularly members of the Bacteroides. GAG abundances are altered in some diseases such as inflammatory bowel diseases, which may affect microbial composition and activity, and it is therefore important to understand GAG utilization by members of the gut microbiota.

Methods: We used growth assays, transcriptomics, and comparative genomics to evaluate chondroitin sulfate (CS) and hyaluronan (HA) degradation ability by multiple gut Bacteroides species.

Impaired Mucosal Homeostasis in Short-Term Fiber Deprivation Is Due to Reduced Mucus Production Rather Than Overgrowth of Mucus-Degrading Bacteria.

The gut mucosal environment is key in host health; protecting against pathogens and providing a niche for beneficial bacteria, thereby facilitating a mutualistic balance between host and microbiome. Lack of dietary fiber results in erosion of the mucosal layer, suggested to be a result of increased mucus-degrading gut bacteria. This study aimed to use quantitative analyses to investigate the diet-induced imbalance of mucosal homeostasis.

Early complications after stoma formation: a prospective cohort study in 100 patients with 1-year follow-up.

Purpose: This study aims to provide an overview of all complications that may occur after construction of an ileostomy or colostomy (loop or end) in daily practice.

Methods: Between July 2007 and April 2008, all adult patients who underwent any type of intestinal stoma formation were asked to participate in this prospective cohort study. All relevant patient characteristics were gathered.

[A man with chronic abdominal pain and obstipation].

A 66-year old man presents with chronic pain in the abdomen and obstipation. Explorative laparotomy revealed that his symptoms were caused by a giant diverticle from the colon sigmoideum.

Fecal incontinence: an update on available techniques in diagnosis and treatment.

Fecal incontinence remains a major problem with significant social and medical implications. Its causes are diverse and not always apparent. Therefore, diagnostic workup is essential to find the underlying cause and initiate adequate treatment.