Publications by authors named "A J Trouth"
Article Synopsis
- Histone post-translational modifications are essential for the structure and function of heterochromatin, influencing how cells develop and respond to disease.
- Different cell states, such as germline and activated immune cells, display varying mechanisms in regulating chromatin, highlighting the complexity of this process.
- Overall, the study underscores that heterochromatin structures adapt to a cell's functional context, which is key to maintaining its stable identity.
Facultative heterochromatinization of genomic regulators by Polycomb repressive complex (PRC) 1 and 2 is essential in development and differentiation; however, the underlying molecular mechanisms remain obscure. Using genetic engineering, molecular approaches, and live-cell single-molecule imaging, we quantify the number of proteins within condensates formed through liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) and find that in mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs), approximately 3 CBX2 proteins nucleate many PRC1 and PRC2 subunits to form one non-stoichiometric condensate. We demonstrate that sparse CBX2 prevents Polycomb proteins from migrating to constitutive heterochromatin, demarcates the spatial boundaries of facultative heterochromatin, controls the deposition of H3K27me3, regulates transcription, and impacts cellular differentiation.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFStem cells have lower facultative heterochromatin as defined by trimethylation of histone H3 lysine 27 (H3K27me3) compared to differentiated cells. However, the mechanisms underlying these differential H3K27me3 levels remain elusive. Because H3K27me3 levels are diluted two-fold in every round of replication and then restored through the rest of the cell cycle, we reasoned that the cell cycle length could be a key regulator of total H3K27me3 levels.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFLanthipeptides represent a large class of cyclic natural products defined by the presence of lanthionine (Lan) and methyllanthionine (MeLan) cross-links. With the advances in DNA sequencing technologies and genome mining tools, new biosynthetic enzymes capable of installing unusual structural features are continuously being discovered. In this study, we investigated an -methyltransferase that is a member of the most prominent auxiliary enzyme family associated with class I lanthipeptide biosynthetic gene clusters.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground And Purpose: Hypertension is the most important risk factor associated with intracerebral hemorrhage. We explored racial differences in blood pressure (BP) control after intracerebral hemorrhage and assessed predictors of BP control at presentation, 30 days, and 1 year in a prospective cohort study.
Methods: Subjects with spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage were identified from the DiffErenCes in the Imaging of Primary Hemorrhage based on Ethnicity or Race (DECIPHER) Project.