HISTOPLASMA CAPSULATUM PACEMAKER-RELATED ENDOCARDITIS PRESENTING AS ENDOGENOUS ENDOPHTHALMITIS.

Background/purpose: To report a unique case of pacemaker-related infective endocarditis manifesting as endogenous endophthalmitis with chorioretinitis secondary to Histoplasma capsulatum.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 75-year-old man was diagnosed with blood culture-negative infective endocarditis and was admitted with deteriorating vision and ocular inflammation.

Coronavirus disease 2019 in an orthotopic liver transplant recipient living with human immunodeficiency virus.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), mediated by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), can manifest with flu-like illness and severe pneumonia with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Immunocompromised patients merit particular attention as altered host immunity may influence both disease severity and duration of viral shedding as is described with several other ribonucleic acid respiratory viruses. Yet immunocompromised status alone, in the absence of other comorbidities, may not necessarily predict severe illness presentations and poorer clinical outcomes as indicated by recent reports of COVID-19-infected solid organ transplant recipients and people living with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).

Appropriate laboratory testing in Lyme disease.

Testing for Lyme disease is challenging and if done incorrectly can lead to unnecessary treatment. To interpret serologic test results, first assess the patient's pretest probability of infection based on the probability of exposure and clinical findings. Two-tiered testing remains the gold standard in diagnosing Lyme disease, although new guidelines may be published soon.

Human Immunodeficiency Virus Organ Transplantation.

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) has become a chronic disease with a near normal life span resulting in increased risk of organ failure. HIV organ transplantation is a proven and accepted intervention in appropriately selected cases. HIV-positive organ transplantation into HIV-positive recipients is in its nascent stages.