Associations of sleep duration and weekend catch up sleep with cancer risk among US adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3 cohort.

Objective: Our objective was to investigate the associations of sleep duration and weekend catch-up sleep with cancer risk among US adults in the Cancer Prevention Study-3.

Methods: Cancer Prevention Study-3 is a prospective cohort of approximately 250,000 US adults aged 30-65years. At baseline (2006-2013), participants were asked to report their average daily sleep duration over the past year for weekdays and weekends separately.

Neurophysiological Effects of Latent Trigger Point Dry Needling on Spinal Reflexes.

Deep dry needling (DDN) is a method to treat muscle trigger points (TrPs) often found in persons with neuromuscular pain and spasticity. Currently, its neurophysiological actions are not well established. Thus, to understand how DDN affects spinal cord physiology, we investigated the effects of TrP DDN on spinal reflexes.

Menopausal hormone therapy: assessing associations with breast and colorectal cancers by familial risk.

Menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) users are at increased breast cancer (BC) risk and decreased colorectal cancer (CRC) risk compared with never users, but these opposing associations might differ by familial risk of BC and CRC. We harmonized data from three cohorts and generated separate BC and CRC familial risk scores (FRS) based on cancer family history. We defined moderate/strong family history as FRS ≥ 0.

Body mass index at birth and early life and colorectal cancer: A two-sample Mendelian randomization analysis in European and East Asian genetic similarity populations.

Background: Varying obesogenic inherited predisposition in early to later life may differentially impact colorectal cancer (CRC) development. Previous Mendelian randomization (MR) studies, conducted in populations of European genetic similarity, have not observed any significant associations between early life body weight with CRC risk. However, it remains unclear whether body mass index (BMI) at different early lifetime points is causally related with CRC risk in both Europeans and East Asian populations.

Causal debiasing for unknown bias in histopathology-A colon cancer use case.

Advancement of AI has opened new possibility for accurate diagnosis and prognosis using digital histopathology slides which not only saves hours of expert effort but also makes the estimation more standardized and accurate. However, preserving the AI model performance on the external sites is an extremely challenging problem in the histopathology domain which is primarily due to the difference in data acquisition and/or sampling bias. Although, AI models can also learn spurious correlation, they provide unequal performance across validation population.