Publications by authors named "A J Pesola"
Comparing and assessing physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines for different populations with and without chronic conditions and/or disabilities: a systematic review protocol.
BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med
December 2024
Physical activity guidelines targeting different populations with and without chronic diseases or disabilities are required to meet the diverse functional and physiological needs experienced by different subgroups of people to achieve optimal health benefits. As the importance of physical activity guidelines in promoting optimal health and well-being becomes increasingly recognised, there is a critical need for their systematic evaluation to ensure they remain effective, applicable and aligned with evolving health needs and scientific insights. This study aims to systematically review, critically evaluate, and compare global physical activity and sedentary behaviour guidelines on frequency, intensity, time, and type of exercise for adults, pregnant and postpartum women, and people living with chronic conditions and/or disabilities.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Non-communicable diseases are rising rapidly in low- and middle-income countries, leading to increased morbidity and mortality. Reducing sedentary behavior (SB) and increasing physical activity (PA) offer numerous health benefits. Workplaces provide an ideal setting for promoting SB/PA interventions; however, understanding the barriers and enablers is crucial for optimizing these interventions in workplace environments.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFArticle Synopsis
- A systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to explore the causal relationships between genetically determined sedentary behaviors and various health outcomes, looking at data from 31 MR studies.
- The analysis identified 47 significant causal associations, with increased leisure TV watching linked to higher risks of heart diseases and type 2 diabetes, while leisure computer use showed protective effects against certain health conditions like arthritis and Alzheimer's.
- The study concludes that different sedentary behaviors have unique effects on health, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions that not only reduce sedentary time but also encourage healthier sedentary activities.
Introduction: Muscle activation during interruptions to prolonged sedentary time is a hypothesized mechanism underlying observed cardiometabolic benefits. We examined associations of quadriceps and hamstring muscle activity patterns with cardiometabolic risk markers and how these patterns varied between different sitting-interruption countermeasures.
Methods: Electromyographic (EMG) data (shorts) were gathered for 1 to 2 d from healthy adults in a free-living study ( n = 172, age 40.
Article Synopsis
- Neuropathologic changes associated with Alzheimer's disease, like Aβ accumulation and neuroinflammation, are commonly found in the brains of normal pressure hydrocephalus patients.
- Researchers developed a deep learning platform to analyze Aβ levels and microglia surrounding Aβ plaques in cortical biopsies from 120 patients who underwent shunting.
- The study found that higher Aβ presence was linked to worse cognitive outcomes, such as dementia and memory impairment, whereas the density of surrounding microglia had no correlation to cognitive decline.