Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair in atrial functional mitral regurgitation: insights from the multi-center MITRA-TUNE registry.

Background: A-FMR is considered a specific sub-type of secondary MR in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and preserved left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF). Aim of the study was to investigate the acute and mid-term outcomes of transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TMVr) with the MitraClip in atrial functional mitral regurgitation (A-FMR).

Methods: The study included patients with A-FMR and concomitant AF who underwent to the MitraClip at 7 Italian Centers.

Impact of Post-Procedural Change in Left Ventricle Systolic Function on Survival after Percutaneous Edge-to-Edge Mitral Valve Repair.

Objectives: To investigate how the changes of left ventricle ejection fraction (LVEF) between admission and discharge affected the long-term outcome in patients who underwent percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair for secondary mitral regurgitation.

Background: An acute impairment of LVEF after surgical repair of mitral regurgitation, known as afterload mismatch, has been associated with increased all-cause mortality. Afterload mismatch after percutaneous edge-to-edge mitral valve repair has been postulated to be a transient phenomenon.

Activation of TRPA1 Isoforms by Citronellal and Menthol.

Background: The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) cation channels function as broadly-tuned sensors of noxious chemicals in many species. Recent studies identified four functional TRPA1 isoforms in (dTRPA1(A) to (D)), but their responses to non-electrophilic chemicals are yet to be fully characterized.

Methods: We determined the behavioral responses of adult flies to the mammalian TRPA1 non-electrophilic activators citronellal and menthol, and characterized the effects of these compounds on all four dTRPA1 channel isoforms using intracellular Ca imaging and whole-cell patch-clamp recordings.

Silica Nanoparticles Inhibit Responses to ATP in Human Airway Epithelial 16HBE Cells.

Because of their low cost and easy production, silica nanoparticles (SiNPs) are widely used in multiple manufacturing applications as anti-caking, densifying and hydrophobic agents. However, this has increased the exposure levels of the general population and has raised concerns about the toxicity of this nanomaterial. SiNPs affect the function of the airway epithelium, but the biochemical pathways targeted by these particles remain largely unknown.

The Agonist Action of Alkylphenols on TRPA1 Relates to Their Effects on Membrane Lipid Order: Implications for TRPA1-Mediated Chemosensation.

The Transient Receptor Potential Ankyrin 1 cation channel (TRPA1) is a broadly-tuned chemosensor expressed in nociceptive neurons. Multiple TRPA1 agonists are chemically unrelated non-electrophilic compounds, for which the mechanisms of channel activation remain unknown. Here, we assess the hypothesis that such chemicals activate TRPA1 by inducing mechanical perturbations in the plasma membrane.