Intramolecular Fluoroacylation Enabled by TrBF-Catalyzed Fluoride Recycling.

Alkyne- and alkene-tethered acyl fluorides undergo intramolecular carbofluorination via fluoride recycling using catalytic TrBF. Excellent stereoselectivity is observed for the alkyne addition, enabling access to novel fluorinated indan-2-ones (all ≥95:5 /) and cyclopentan-2-ones (85:15 /). Fluorinated chroman-2-ones and tertiary alkyl fluorides can also be synthesized using this method, comparing favorably to previously reported protocols that employ expensive metal catalysts under harsher conditions.

Global insight into rare disease and orphan drug definitions: a systematic literature review.

Objectives: This study sheds light on the available global definitions, classifications, and criteria used for rare diseases (RDs), ultrarare diseases (URDs), orphan drugs (ODs) and ultraorphan drugs (UODs) and provides insights into the rationale behind these definitions.

Design: A systematic literature review was conducted to identify existing definitions and the criteria used to define RDs, ODs and their subtypes.

Data Sources: Searches were performed in the PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus and Web of Science (Science and Social Sciences Citation Index) databases covering articles published from 1985 to 2021.

Assessing the supportive care needs of parents of children with rare diseases in Ireland.

Purpose: Rare diseases are individually uncommon yet collectively prevalent. They affect over 300,000 people in Ireland, with 50-70 % impacting children. This study explores the supportive care needs of parents caring for children with rare diseases in Ireland, utilising a validated Parental Needs Scale for Rare Diseases (PNS-RD).

A Trivalent Live Vaccine Elicits Cross-Species Protection Against Acute Otitis Media in a Murine Model.

: Acute otitis media (AOM) is a common pediatric infection worldwide and is the primary basis for pediatric primary care visits and antibiotic prescriptions in children. Current licensed vaccines have been incompletely ineffective at reducing the global burden of AOM, underscoring a major unmet medical need. The complex etiology of AOM presents additional challenges for vaccine development, as it can stem from multiple bacterial species including , , and .

Integrating accelerometry, GPS, GIS and molecular data to investigate mechanistic pathways of the urban environmental exposome and cognitive outcomes in older adults: a longitudinal study protocol.

Introduction: Maintaining cognitive health in later life is a global priority. Encouraging individuals to make health behaviour changes, such as regular physical activity, and providing supportive urban environments can help maintain cognitive health, thereby preventing or delaying the progress of dementia and cognitive decline. However, the mechanistic pathways by which the urban environmental exposome influences cognitive health outcomes are poorly understood.