Publications by authors named "A J McFarlane"

Question: The opioid epidemic causes massive morbidity, and males have substantially greater overdose mortality rates than females. It is unclear whether there are sex-related disparities at different stages in the trajectory of opioid use disorders (OUD), from large samples in the community.

Goal: To determine sex disparities in non-medical opioid use (NMOU) at the end of treatment with medications for opioid use disorder (MOUD), using national data.

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: The integration of pharmacogenetic (PGx) testing into primary care has not been widely implemented, despite its benefits for patients and providers. PGx testing could also reduce health disparities as patients with lower healthcare access are prescribed higher proportions of medications with PGx guidelines. Little is known about the preferences of patients who have experienced PGx testing to inform implementation across the care process.

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Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a complex neurodevelopmental disability characterized by a range of brain- and body-based difficulties which, when left unsupported, can lead to experiences of significant adversity across the lifespan. Caregivers of individuals with FASD play a critical role in advocating and supporting healthy outcomes for individuals with FASD, and most caregiver research to date has been focused on stressors and challenges. Very few studies have been conducted to systematically capture the full experience of caring for someone with FASD across the lifespan, including perspectives, concerns, as well as strengths and successes of caregivers and their families.

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Question: The opioid epidemic causes massive morbidity, and males have substantially greater overdose mortality rates than females. It is unclear whether there are sex-related disparities at different stages in the trajectory of opioid use disorders, in "real world" settings.

Goal: To determine sex disparities in non-medical opioid use (NMOU) at the end of outpatient medication-assisted treatment (MAT), using nationally representative data.

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Article Synopsis
  • Military service is largely male-dominated, leading to research predominantly focusing on male soldiers, but findings suggest that female military members experience similar or higher rates of mental health issues like PTSD.
  • A longitudinal study of nearly 8,500 Australian Defence Force members tracked changes in mental health symptoms over five years, measuring factors like trauma exposure, resilience, and relationship satisfaction.
  • The study found that while lifetime trauma exposure was a key predictor of mental health disorders for both sexes, self-reported resilience served as a significant protective factor for females, whereas being in a significant relationship helped protect males from subthreshold mental disorders.
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