The energetic landscape of CH-π interactions in protein-carbohydrate binding.

CH-π interactions between carbohydrates and aromatic amino acids play an essential role in biological systems that span all domains of life. Quantifying the strength and importance of these CH-π interactions is challenging because these interactions involve several atoms and can exist in many distinct orientations. To identify an orientational landscape of CH-π interactions, we constructed a dataset of close contacts formed between β-d-galactose residues and the aromatic amino acids, tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine, across crystallographic structures deposited in the Protein Data Bank.

CH-π Interactions Are Required for Human Galectin-3 Function.

Glycan-binding proteins, or lectins, recognize distinct structural elements of polysaccharides, to mediate myriad biological functions. Targeting glycan-binding proteins involved in human disease has been challenging due to an incomplete understanding of the molecular mechanisms that govern protein-glycan interactions. Bioinformatics and structural studies of glycan-binding proteins indicate that aromatic residues with the potential for CH-π interactions are prevalent in glycan-binding sites.

Flexible bronchoscopy insufflated and high-flow nasal oxygen pilot trial (BUFFALO protocol pilot trial).

Background: Hypoxaemia occurs in approximately 30% of children during anaesthesia for flexible bronchoscopy. High-flow nasal oxygen (HFNO) can prolong safe apnoea time and be used in children with abnormal airways. During flexible bronchoscopy, there is limited evidence if HFNO confers advantages over current standard practice in avoiding hypoxaemia.

United Kingdom standards for non-invasive cardiac imaging: recommendations from the Imaging Council of the British Cardiovascular Society.

Heart and circulatory diseases affect more than seven million people in the UK. Non-invasive cardiac imaging is a critical element of contemporary cardiology practice. Progressive improvements in technology over the last 20 years have increased diagnostic accuracy in all modalities and led to the incorporation of non-invasive imaging into many standard cardiac clinical care pathways.