Foot-strike Hemolysis: A Scoping Review of Long-Distance Runners.

Objective: To investigate the role that foot-strike hemolysis plays in sports-related anemia in marathon and ultramarathon runners.

Data Sources: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Grey literature.

Study Selection: Inclusion criteria consisted of human studies with runners completing a sanctioned race of marathon distance or greater, with outcomes measured by pre- and post-race hematological assessments.

Comprehensive whole-genome sequencing reveals origins of mutational signatures associated with aging, mismatch repair deficiency and temozolomide chemotherapy.

In a comprehensive study to decipher the multi-layered response to the chemotherapeutic agent temozolomide (TMZ), we analyzed 427 genomes and determined mutational patterns in a collection of ∼40 isogenic DNA repair-deficient human TK6 lymphoblast cell lines. We first demonstrate that the spontaneous mutational background is very similar to the aging-associated mutational signature SBS40 and mainly caused by polymerase zeta-mediated translesion synthesis (TLS). MSH2-/- mismatch repair (MMR) knockout in conjunction with additional repair deficiencies uncovers cryptic mutational patterns.

Suppression of Huntington's Disease Somatic Instability by Transcriptional Repression and Direct CAG Repeat Binding.

Huntington's disease (HD) arises from a CAG expansion in the () gene beyond a critical threshold. A major thrust of current HD therapeutic development is lowering levels of mutant mRNA (m) and protein (mHTT) with the aim of reducing the toxicity of these product(s). Human genetic data also support a key role for somatic instability (SI) in 's CAG repeat - whereby it lengthens with age in specific somatic cell types - as a key driver of age of motor dysfunction onset.

Outcomes of Mucous Cystectomy and Osteophytectomy Using a Random Nonadvancement Flap Technique.

Background: The purpose of this study was to determine the clinical outcomes of mucous cystectomy and osteophytectomy using a random nonadvancement flap technique.

Methods: This was a therapeutic outcomes study of patients who underwent mucous cystectomy under local anesthesia by 1 of 2 hand fellowship-trained surgeons between 2012 and 2022. The key features of the surgical technique include designing a random nonadvancement flap with the cyst at its base; transecting the cyst pedicle as the flap is elevated; resecting the cyst wall from the undersurface of the reflected flap; decompressing the distal joint by removing marginal osteophytes; and insetting the flap without advancement.