Patterns of major trauma admissions to a level 1 trauma centre: A five year database analysis.

Introduction: It is only in recent years that major trauma systems and networks have been operating in the UK. High-quality data is available from the Trauma Audit and Research Network (TARN) database, enabling regional analysis. Our aim was to analyse Trauma Team Activations within the Cheshire and Merseyside major trauma network and discuss the implications of these data on resource allocation, training and trauma prevention.

Mass-univariate analysis of scalp ERPs reveals large effects of gaze fixation location during face processing that only weakly interact with face emotional expression.

Decoding others' facial expressions is critical for social functioning. To clarify the neural correlates of expression perception depending on where we look on the face, three combined gaze-contingent ERP experiments were analyzed using robust mass-univariate statistics. Regardless of task, fixation location impacted face processing from 50 to 350 ms, maximally around 120 ms, reflecting retinotopic mapping around C2 and P1 components.

Patterning of the Vertebrate Head in Time and Space by BMP Signaling.

How head patterning is regulated in vertebrates is yet to be understood. In this study, we show that frog embryos injected with Noggin at different blastula and gastrula stages had their head development sequentially arrested at different positions. When timed BMP inhibition was applied to BMP-overexpressing embryos, the expression of five genes: (a marker of the cement gland, which is the front-most structure in the frog embryo), (a forebrain marker), (a forebrain and mid-brain marker), (an anterior hindbrain marker), and (a posterior hindbrain marker) were sequentially fixed.

Emotion, Gender and Gaze Discrimination Tasks do not Differentially Impact the Neural Processing of Angry or Happy Facial Expressions-a Mass Univariate ERP Analysis.

Facial expression processing is a critical component of social cognition yet, whether it is influenced by task demands at the neural level remains controversial. Past ERP studies have found mixed results with classic statistical analyses, known to increase both Type I and Type II errors, which Mass Univariate statistics (MUS) control better. However, MUS open-access toolboxes can use different fundamental statistics, which may lead to inconsistent results.

The early processing of fearful and happy facial expressions is independent of task demands - Support from mass univariate analyses.

Most ERP studies on facial expressions of emotion have yielded inconsistent results regarding the time course of emotion effects and their possible modulation by task demands. Most studies have used classical statistical methods with a high likelihood of type I and type II errors, which can be limited with Mass Univariate statistics. FMUT and LIMO are currently the only two available toolboxes for Mass Univariate analysis of ERP data and use different fundamental statistics.