Overexpression of AMPKγ2 increases AMPK signaling to augment human T cell metabolism and function.

Cellular therapies are currently employed to treat a variety of disease processes. For T cell-based therapies, success often relies on the metabolic fitness of the T cell product, where cells with enhanced metabolic capacity demonstrate improved in vivo efficacy. AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a cellular energy sensor which combines environmental signals with cellular energy status to enforce efficient and flexible metabolic programming.

Material extrusion additive manufacturing of dense pastes consisting of macroscopic particles.

Additive manufacturing of dense pastes, those with greater than 50 vol% particles, via material extrusion direct ink write is a promising method to produce customized structures for high-performance materials, such as energetic materials and pharmaceuticals, as well as to enable the use of waste or other locally available particles. However, the high volume fraction and the large sizes of the particles for these applications lead to significant challenges in developing inks and processing methods to prepare quality parts. In this prospective, we analyze challenges in managing particle characteristics, stabilizing the suspensions, mixing the particles and binder, and 3D printing the pastes.

Anodic Oxidation of Aminotetrazoles: A Mild and Safe Route to Isocyanides.

A new electrochemical method for the preparation of isocyanides from easily accessible aminotetrazole derivatives has been developed, which tolerates an unprecedented range of functional groups. The use of chemical, rather than electrochemical, oxidation to afford isocyanides was also demonstrated, which provides access to these compounds for those without electrosynthesis equipment. The practicality of scale-up using flow electrochemistry has been demonstrated, in addition to the possibility of using electrochemically generated isocyanides in further reactions.