In Vitro Engineered ECM-incorporated Hydrogels for Osteochondral Tissue Repair: A Cell-Free Approach.

Prevalence of osteoarthritis has been increasing in aging populations, which has necessitated the use of advanced biomedical treatments. These involve grafts or delivering drug molecules entrapped in scaffolds. However, such treatments often show suboptimal therapeutic effects due to poor half-life and off-target effects of drug molecules.

Decision-Making Interventions for Pelvic Organ Prolapse: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Environmental Scan.

People diagnosed with pelvic organ prolapse (POP) face preference-sensitive treatment decisions. We conducted a systematic review, meta-analysis, and narrative synthesis to determine the effect of decision-making interventions for prolapse on patient-reported outcomes. To gain a more complete understanding of all potentially accessed resources, we also conducted an environmental scan to determine the quantity and quality of online interventions for prolapse decision-making.

Circulating tumor-reactive KIRCD8 T cells suppress anti-tumor immunity in patients with melanoma.

Effective anti-tumor immunity is driven by cytotoxic CD8 T cells with specificity for tumor antigens. However, the factors that control successful tumor rejection are not well understood. Here we identify a subpopulation of CD8 T cells that are tumor-antigen-specific and can be identified by KIR expression but paradoxically impair anti-tumor immunity in patients with melanoma.

Engineering a Microfluidic Platform to Cryopreserve Stem Cells: A DMSO-Free Sustainable Approach.

Human adipose-derived stem cells (hASCs) are cryopreserved traditionally using dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the cryoprotectant agent. DMSO penetrates cell membranes and prevents cellular damage during cryopreservation. However, DMSO is not inert to cells, inducing cytotoxic effects by causing mitochondrial dysfunction, reduced cell proliferation, and impaired hASCs transplantation.

Dear Program Director: An Evaluation of Implicit Bias in Letters of Recommendation for Neurosurgery Residency.

Background And Objectives: Despite comprising half of medical students, women represent only 29.6% of neurosurgery applicants and 17% of residents, suggesting a "leak" in the career pipeline for women neurosurgeons. Surveys persistently show that neurosurgery programs identify United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE®) Step 1 score and letters of recommendation (LORs) as the most important factors in selecting applicants to interview.