More Than the Sum of Its Parts: Disrupted Core Periphery of Multiplex Brain Networks in Multiple Sclerosis.

Disruptions to brain networks, measured using structural (sMRI), diffusion (dMRI), or functional (fMRI) MRI, have been shown in people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS), highlighting the relevance of regions in the core of the connectome but yielding mixed results depending on the studied connectivity domain. Using a multilayer network approach, we integrated these three modalities to portray an enriched representation of the brain's core-periphery organization and explore its alterations in PwMS. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, we selected PwMS and healthy controls with complete multimodal brain MRI acquisitions from 13 European centers within the MAGNIMS network.

Acute suppurative thyroiditis caused by Gemella Morbillorum: a case report.

Background: Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) is a rare form of thyroid inflammation prevalently of bacterial origin, that usually affects subjects with risk factors such as immunodeficiency, sepsis, and neck fistulas. The most prevalent pathogens associated with AST are gram-positive aerobic bacteria, followed by gram-negatives, while infections by anaerobic germs are exceptionally rare. Gemella morbillorum is a facultative anaerobic gram-positive bacterium that commonly populates the upper respiratory tract.

Molecular Pathophysiology of Parathyroid Tumorigenesis-The Lesson from a Rare Disease: The "MEN1 Model".

Primary hyperparathyroidism represents the third most prevalent endocrine disease in the general population, consisting of an excessive secretion of parathyroid hormone from one or, more frequently, more of the parathyroid glands, leading to a dysregulation of calcium homeostasis. Schematically, its development occurs primarily by pathophysiological events with genetic mutation, at the germline and/or somatic level, that favor the neoplastic transformation of parathyroid cells and promote their aberrant proliferation, and mutations determining the shift in the PTH "set-point", thus interfering with the normal pathways of PTH secretion and leading to a "resetting" of Ca-dependent PTH secretion or to a secretion of PTH insensitive to changes in extracellular Ca levels. Familial syndromic and non-syndromic forms of primary hyperparathyroidism are responsible for approximately 2-5% of primary hyperparathyroidism cases and most of them are inherited forms.

Circulating Autoantibodies in Adults with Hashimoto's Thyroiditis: New Insights from a Single-Center, Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune thyroid disorder characterized by elevated anti-thyroid peroxidase (A-TPO) antibodies. HT frequently coexists with other autoimmune conditions, which are marked by organ-specific and non-organ-specific autoantibodies, reflecting a deregulated immune response. However, the burden and clinical significance of these circulating autoantibodies in adult patients with HT remains unclear.