How much do consumers consider sustainability when purchasing a toothbrush? A discrete choice experiment.

Introduction A recent resurgence of sustainability in healthcare has resulted in huge progress towards more 'eco-aware' products and their incorporation into everyday life, with home oral hygiene products being not far behind. However, it is unclear which components of sustainability consumers value or how much they are willing to pay for these.Aim To use a discrete choice experiment (DCE) to evaluate preferences for attributes such as recyclable handle materials and recyclable packaging of low-cost disposable manual toothbrushes, along with the willingness to pay (WTP) for said attributes.

Observed and Modeled Positive Predictive Values Using Cell-free DNA Testing for Fetal Trisomy in a Clinical Laboratory Population.

Introduction: The objective of this study was to explore different approaches to communicating the positive predictive value (PPV) of cell-free DNA screening for fetal trisomy.

Methods: PPV was established for 4 maternal age-groups (<30, 30-34, 35-39, and >39 years) from clinical laboratory data and compared to the modeled PPV from an online calculator. In women under 35, PPV was compared between 2 subsets, high risk and low risk, classified based on the diagnosis codes that were provided to the laboratory.

Clinical performance of non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) using targeted cell-free DNA analysis in maternal plasma with microarrays or next generation sequencing (NGS) is consistent across multiple controlled clinical studies.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical performance of non-invasive prenatal testing for trisomy 21, 18, and 13 using targeted cell-free DNA (cfDNA) analysis.

Methods: Targeted cfDNA analysis using DANSR™ and FORTE™ with microarray quantitation was used to evaluate the risk of trisomy 21, 18, and 13 in blinded samples from 799 singleton, twin, natural, and IVF pregnancies. Subjects either had fetal chromosome evaluation by karyotype, FISH, QF-PCR, or karyotype for newborns with suspected aneuploidy at birth.