Leveraging multi-site electronic health data for characterization of subtypes: a pilot study of dementia in the N3C Clinical Tenant.

Objectives: To provide a foundational methodology for differentiating comorbidity patterns in subphenotypes through investigation of a multi-site dementia patient dataset.

Materials And Methods: Employing the National Clinical Cohort Collaborative Tenant Pilot (N3C Clinical) dataset, our approach integrates machine learning algorithms-logistic regression and eXtreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost)-with a diagnostic hierarchical model for nuanced classification of dementia subtypes based on comorbidities and gender. The methodology is enhanced by multi-site EHR data, implementing a hybrid sampling strategy combining 65% Synthetic Minority Over-sampling Technique (SMOTE), 35% Random Under-Sampling (RUS), and Tomek Links for class imbalance.

Management of MCI in the Outpatient Setting.

Purpose Of Review: We review current literature related to the clinical assessment of Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). We compile recommendations related to the evaluation of MCI and examine literature regarding the use of clinical biomarkers in this assessment, the role of non-pharmacologic therapy in the prevention of cognitive decline, and recent approval of anti-amyloid therapy in the treatment of MCI.

Recent Findings: The role of imaging and plasma biomarkers in the clinical assessment of MCI has expanded.

Characterizing the Resilience Effect of Neurodegeneration for the Mechanistic Pathway of Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: With the rapid development of neurobiology and neuroimaging technologies, mounting evidence shows that Alzheimer's disease (AD) is caused by the build-up of two abnormal proteins, amyloid-β plaques (A) and neurofibrillary tangles (T). Over time, these AD-related neuropathological burdens begin to spread throughout the brain, which results in the characteristic progression of symptoms in AD.

Objective: Although tremendous efforts have been made to link biological indicators to the progression of AD, limited attention has been paid to investigate the multi-factorial role of socioeconomic status (SES) in the prevalence or incidence of AD.

The Sensory and Perceptual Scaffolding of Absorption, Inner Speech, and Self in Psychosis.

This study examines the interconnectedness between absorption, inner speech, self, and psychopathology. Absorption involves an intense focus and immersion in mental imagery, sensory/perceptual stimuli, or vivid imagination that involves decreased self-awareness and alterations in consciousness. In psychosis, the dissolution and permeability in the demarcation between self and one's sensory experiences and perceptions, and also between self-other and/or inter-object boundaries alter one's sense of self.

The Relationship between Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scores in Older Adults.

Background: Relatively little is known regarding the association between objective measures of physical function such as cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and cognitive function tests in healthy older adults.

Objective: To evaluate the relationship between CRF and cognitive function in adults aged 55 and older.

Methods: Between 2008 and 2017, 4,931 men and women underwent a comprehensive preventive physical exam at the Cooper Clinic in Dallas, Texas.