Examining the Alignment of Pharmacists' Daily Tasks, Employer-advertised Skills, and the Entrustable Professional Activities.

Objective: To understand alignment of pharmacist jobs' daily tasks, employer-advertised skills, and pharmacy education of entrustable professional activities (EPAs).

Methods: The study team compiled the top 20 tasks pharmacists reported performing at least daily from the Occupational Information Network survey (2022), the top 50 employer-advertised skills from 89,819 pharmacist job postings in 2022 from Lightcast and the 13 EPAs from accreditation standards that define a practice-ready pharmacist. Two experienced faculty and licensed pharmacists mapped employer-advertised skills, each task performed at least daily, and the EPAs.

Assessing the Alignment Between Pharmacists' Reported Tasks and Employer-Advertised Skills.

Objective: This study examined the alignment between and changes within the tasks performed by pharmacists and skills sought by pharmacist employers from 2012 to 2022.

Methods: The United States Department of Labor's Occupational Information Network (O*NET) surveys a random sample of employees in targeted occupations every 5 years and provides a publicly available database allowing exploration of the frequency with which essential tasks are performed and perceived relevance and importance. Lightcast (formerly Burning Glass) provides labor market analytics of job advertisements; cross-sectional and longitudinal data can be filtered according to occupation, industry, location, and area of specialty.

Abrupt demographic change affects projected population size: Implications for an endangered species in a protected area.

Understanding how demographic parameters change with density is essential for predicting the resilience of small populations. We use long-term, individual-based life history data from an isolated population of the Critically Endangered Northern Muriqui (Brachyteles hypoxanthus) inhabiting a 1000-ha protected forest to evaluate density-dependent demographic rates before and after an abrupt population decline. We found no effect of density on fertility or birth sex ratio, but mortality rates increased linearly with log density over the 33 years of population growth (1983-2015) and the subsequent 7 years of population decline (2016-2022).

Teaching and Assessing Pharmacy Students in Medication-Use Process Stewardship.

Objectives: The medication use system is a complex process of medication prescribing, order processing, dispensing, administration, and effects monitoring. The objectives of this review are to describe the available literature and identify resources for educating and assessing pharmacy students in COEPA (Curriculum Outcomes and Entrustable Professional Activities) 2.6 Medication-use Process Stewardship.

Predictability of ecological and evolutionary dynamics in a changing world.

Ecological and evolutionary predictions are being increasingly employed to inform decision-makers confronted with intensifying pressures on biodiversity. For these efforts to effectively guide conservation actions, knowing the limit of predictability is pivotal. In this study, we provide realistic expectations for the enterprise of predicting changes in ecological and evolutionary observations through time.