[Value of the functional neural tractography in the reconstruction of the visual pathways in DTMRI].

Objective: This article shows that functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) are very useful in the in vivo description of the visual pathways using today's most advanced techniques and allowing fusion between fMRI and tractography. Two complementary techniques were combined: (1) DTI coupled with the tractography and (2) fMRI.

Materials And Methods: A group of 205 cases, normal and pathological, children and adults, were studied for tractographic reconstitution of visual pathways.

[Imaging the brain, from the cell to the organ].

Brain imaging has progressed over the centuries, from prehistory (surgical and sculptural empiricism), through the Middle Ages (dissection and drawings), the Renaissance (printing) and the 18th century (Spallanzani and ultrasounds), to the 19th century and the discovery of piezoelectricity by the Curie brothers and X-rays by Röntgen in 1895. The head had finally become transparent! The microscope was used by Ramon Y Cajal for histological and neuropathological brain studies. Marie Curie's discovery of radioisotopes paved the way for advances in in vivo neurophysiology.

[The results of MRI exploration of glaucoma patients: what are the benefits?].

After 13 years of glaucoma exploration using MRI at 1.5 and 3 Tesla, we have deduced that there is no specific characteristic between the different forms of this disease, which is manifested by a slowly progressing degenerative optical neuropathy, predominant from front to back (with volume of the optic nerve head always greater than the distal portions of the 2nd neurone, chiasma, and optic tract), interspersed with clinical flare-ups that are recognized by an intense localized hypersignal (frequently from the apex progressing along the canal). Visual tract involvement is always bilateral, even in cases where symptoms are exclusively unilateral (asymmetry can be observed in these cases).

[Computed tomography and cranial paleoanthropology].

Since its invention in 1972, computed tomography (C.T.) has significantly evolved.