Microtubule organization and tubulin post-translational modifications in intact tissues and during regeneration in calcareous sponges.

Microtubules are the principal cytoskeletal component in cells, integral to various morphogenetic processes in Metazoa, including cell migration, adhesion, and polarity. Their dynamics and functions are modulated by tubulin post-translational modifications (PTMs). While studies on model species have provided insights into microtubule functions, understanding their evolutionary aspects necessitates exploring non-model organisms.

[What Actin and Myosin Do in the Nucleus: New Functions of the Well-Known Proteins].

The functions of actin and its motor proteins myosins in the cytoplasm have been the subject of research for more than 100 years, but the existence and function of these proteins in the nucleus has been a matter of debate until recently. Recent data has clarified the role of actin and myosin molecules in controlling the dynamics of processes in the cell nucleus, chromatin organization and genome integrity. New microscopy techniques and the use of modified actin-binding probes have made it possible for the first time to directly visualize the polymerization of actin filaments in the nucleus of living cells.

Effect of Focal Adhesion Kinase and Vinculin Expression on Migration Parameters of Normal and Tumor Epitheliocytes.

Focal adhesions (FAs) are mechanosensory structures that transform physical stimuli into chemical signals guiding cell migration. Comprehensive studies postulate correlation between the FA parameters and cell motility metrics for individual migrating cells. However, which properties of the FAs are critical for epithelial cell motility in a monolayer remains poorly elucidated.

Anti-Inflammatory Effect of Synaptamide in Ischemic Acute Kidney Injury and the Role of G-Protein-Coupled Receptor 110.

The development of drugs for the treatment of acute kidney injury (AKI) that could suppress the excessive inflammatory response in damaged kidneys is an important clinical challenge. Recently, synaptamide (N-docosahexaenoylethanolamine) has been shown to exert anti-inflammatory and neurogenic properties. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of synaptamide in ischemic AKI.