Publications by authors named "A I Kvashin"
Article Synopsis
- - Iodic acid (HIO) can rapidly form aerosol particles in coastal areas, with nucleation rates surpassing those of sulfuric acid-ammonia under similar conditions.
- - Ion-induced nucleation involves the initial formation of IO followed by the addition of HIO, occurring efficiently at temperatures below +10°C, while neutral nucleation relies on a different process involving iodous acid.
- - Freshly formed HIO particles significantly contribute to fast particle growth and can effectively compete with sulfuric acid particle formation in unpolluted atmospheric regions.
Atmospheric new-particle formation affects climate and is one of the least understood atmospheric aerosol processes. The complexity and variability of the atmosphere has hindered elucidation of the fundamental mechanism of new-particle formation from gaseous precursors. We show, in experiments performed with the CLOUD (Cosmics Leaving Outdoor Droplets) chamber at CERN, that sulfuric acid and oxidized organic vapors at atmospheric concentrations reproduce particle nucleation rates observed in the lower atmosphere.
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- Nucleation of aerosol particles from trace atmospheric vapors contributes significantly to cloud condensation nuclei, potentially cooling the climate by enhancing cloud properties.
- Recent studies indicate that traditional explanations, like sulfuric acid and ammonia, are insufficient to explain observed particle formation rates, prompting exploration of amines.
- Using the CLOUD chamber at CERN, researchers found that dimethylamine vastly improves particle formation rates through a stabilization mechanism, suggesting a need to reevaluate how human activities affect aerosol formation in the atmosphere.
Atmospheric aerosols exert an important influence on climate through their effects on stratiform cloud albedo and lifetime and the invigoration of convective storms. Model calculations suggest that almost half of the global cloud condensation nuclei in the atmospheric boundary layer may originate from the nucleation of aerosols from trace condensable vapours, although the sensitivity of the number of cloud condensation nuclei to changes of nucleation rate may be small. Despite extensive research, fundamental questions remain about the nucleation rate of sulphuric acid particles and the mechanisms responsible, including the roles of galactic cosmic rays and other chemical species such as ammonia.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF[Comparative characteristics of external respiration indices under condition of extreme recreation].
Vopr Kurortol Fizioter Lech Fiz Kult
May 2008
The features of external respiration characteristics depending on the kind of recreation are shown in the article.
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